初中完形填空做题技巧及练习.docVIP

（一） 命题特点及选材特点 完形填空是一种要求高、综合性强的语言测试题，以阅读为形式，以上下文为线索，以理解能力、词汇知识、语法知识、习惯用法以及分析判断能力为解题基础，是一种较高层次的阅读理解题。 所选题材多样，但都贴近学生的生活实际，具有趣味性、教育性、思想性；体裁多以记叙文为主，也有说明文、议论文等。所选短文其难度略低于阅读理解题的短文。近几年完形中考考的都是记叙文。 首句通常不设空，以便考生对短文前提和背景有个较清楚的了解，从而使考生尽快熟悉语境、推测文章大意。要特别注重对首、尾句的理解，因为它们往往提示或点明文章的主题，对理解全文有较大帮助。 （二）完形填空试题的一般解题思路 1．跳过空格、通读全文、把握大意。 首先应该把文章通读一遍，了解文章大意。通读文章掌握大意有助于准确地判断出答案。不要纠缠于一句话、一个空，否则会断章取义，进入误区。 2．结合选项、综合考虑、瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破。 在理解全文意思的基础上，再结合所给备选项细读全文，联系上、下文内容，瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易后难。先把有把握的题选定，对于没把握的可暂时跳过，等填完有把握的空后，再回过头来做前面的“难”题，如此反复，个个击破。由于有把握的空已定，文章多了很多有效信息，这时原来填不出来的也就简单了。有时上面的答案在下文中才出现。有时也会是一些对应。因此，做完形要“知难而退”采取暂时搁置，回头攻克的做题方法。切忌读一句，填一句，断章取义。因为一些题在设空上，四个选项从单句上来看都可以，但不符合文章语境，所以我们要立足于整篇文章。 3．复读全文、逐空验证、弥补疏漏。 完成各道题选择后，把所选的答案代入原文，再把全文通读一篇，逐空认真复查。看所选定的答案是否使短文意思前后连贯、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确，是否符合习惯表达法。如发现错误答案或有疑问的，应再次推敲、反复斟酌、做出修正。 （三）完形填空的设空规律有哪些 前制性设空 It was an English speech contest. My mother asked me to take part in it. What a terrible idea! It meant I had to ____ in front of all the teachers and students of my school! A. write? ? B. speak? ? C. sing? ???D. dance 后制性设空 1). Nobody ____ him in the village. One day he said to them, “I know you don’t like me …” A. believed? ? B. liked? ???C. hated? ???D. knew 2). Country music comes from ____ kinds of music. One is the traditional music of tall mountain people in the eastern United States. The other is traditional cowboy music from the American West. A. many? ?? ?? ?B. all? ?? ???C. two? ?? ? D. three 3. 语篇性设空 I work as a volunteer for an organization that helps the poor in Haiti. Recently I took my son Barrett there for a week, hoping to 1? him … achieved all I’d expected. Soon he will celebrate his 18th birthday. He will be a man. (最后一句话) 1. A. comfort? ? ? B. please? ? ? ? ??C. attract? ? ? ? ? D. educate 通过上下文暗示进行判断 例 . In New York, on a Friday night, a young artist stood at the gate of a train station. He was playing his _16_. His music was so great that many people put money into his hat. The next day ,the young artist came to the same place, an