模糊控制在智能温度控制中的应用.doc

论文题目： 摘 要 温度系统惯性大、滞后现象严重，难以建立精确的数学模型，给控制过程带来很大难题。本文以电锅炉为研究对象，研究一种最佳的控制方案，以达到系统稳定、调节时间短且超调量小的性能指标。将模糊控制的智能性与PID控制的通用性、可靠性相互结合，设计了一种参数自整定模糊PID控制器，采用模糊推理的方法实现PID参数的在线整定。 经仿真研究，参数自整定模糊PID控制效果达到了电锅炉温度控制系统的性能指标，是一种较为理想的智能性控制方案。 在分析电锅炉供暖系统对控制器要求的基础上，研制了单片机为核心部件的温度智能控制器，实现了温度的采集与控制、超限报警等各种功能。在进行硬件电路设计的同时，也进行了相应软件设计，并将本文所提出的模糊PID算法引入到软件设计中，给出了主程序流程图、模糊PID算法工作流程图和温度采集流程图等。 关键词：电锅炉 温度控制 模糊PID控制 控制算法 仿真 Fuzzy Control in Intelligent Temperature Control System ABSTRACT For the inertia and serious lag, it is difficult to establish accurate mathematical model and control the process of temperature system. This paper selects electric boiler as the research object in order to find an optimal control scheme to achieve system stability, short settling time and small overshoot performance. Integrate the intelligence of fuzzy control with the versatility and reliability of PID control on the basis of which I design a parameter self-tuning fuzzy PID controller using fuzzy reasoning method to accomplish online tuning PID parameters. Experimental results illustrate that the fuzzy PID parameters controller achieved the system performance index. The method of fuzzy PID control is a ideal method. In this thesis, basing on the request of the electric boiler heating system to the controller, a temperature controller of the electric boiler is designed, in which the8051 is used. Its performance include: temperature gathering, algorithm realization, warning, etc. The hardware circuit is designed and the corresponding procedure flow chart is also designed, such as main program flow chart, fuzzy PID working flow chart and temperature collection flow chart. Keywords: Electric Boiler Temperature Control Fuzzy PID Control Simulation 目 录 1 绪论 1 1.1 选题的目的及意义 1 1.2 国内外温度控制研究现状 1 2 系统模型及硬件电路设计 2 2.1 被控对象分析 2 2.2 电锅炉温度控制系统的模型 3 2.3 硬件设计 3 2.3.1 硬件设计概述 3 2.3.2 单片机的选择 4 2.3.3 温度传感器DS18B20 6 2.3.4 功率放大模块 7 2.3.5 数据采集模块 8 2.3.6 控制输出模块 11 2.3.