【北师大版】（安徽专用）2012届高三英语一轮复习精品学案：语法部分 考点9 定语从句.docVIP

考点9 定语从句 1.主要考查的知识点： 　(1)关系词的选用 　(2)关系词前加介词等的用法 　(3)定语从句的时态 　(4)非限制性定语从句的用法 　2.复习重点： 　(1)关系代词和关系副词的用法区别。 　(2)掌握只能用that引导定语从句的情形。 　(3)掌握介词加关系代词的用法。 　(4)掌握as和which引导非限制性定语从句的用法。 3.应对方法： 　解题时，首先要确定先行词，根据先行词在从句中所作的句子成分来判断该用关系代词还是副词，并且确定具体用哪个关系词。如果从句中谓语动词为不及物动词，应考虑关系代词前该不该加介词。 定义 1. 定义：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。 3. 关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as等；关系副词：where, when, why等。关系词常有三个作用：引导定语从句；代替先行词；在定语从句中充当一个成分。如： Harry Potter is the most interesting novel that I have read. 分析：that I have read是定语从句；novel是先行词；that 是关系代词，代替先行词novel，在从句中作have read的宾语。 指代人或物 定语从句中充当的成分 关系代词 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 which 物或主句内容 主语、宾语或定语 who 人 主语或宾语 whom 人 宾语 whose 人或物 定语 as 人或物或主句内容 主语或宾语 关系副词 when 时间 状语 where 地点 状语 why 原因 状语 4. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号和主句隔开，是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确，翻译成先行词的定语，“……的……”。 非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，通常翻译成主句的并列句。关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。 His brother who is now a lawyer always encourages him to go to college. 他那个现在是律师的哥哥总是鼓励他上大学。(他还有其他的哥哥) His brother, who is now a lawyer, always encourages him to go to college. 他的哥哥，现在是律师，总是鼓励他上大学。(他只有一个哥哥) (1)She is the woman (whom / that/who) I wanted to see yesterday. (2)I, who am your close friend, will try my best to help you whenever you are in trouble. (3)Harry Potter is one of the best-sellers that are popular with teenagers. Harry Potter is the only one of the best-sellers that makes the author a billionaire. 1. 关系代词的使用 (4)Great changes have taken place in China, as is known to all. (5)To own a TV set in each family, which we think was impossible 20 years ago, now has become true. (6)All that can be done has been done. (7)This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. (8)The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 1. 关系代词的使用 (9)Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned? (10)Who is the man that is standing there? (11)They have set up a compan