Lesson12MEEngines.ppt

Wuhan Institute of Shipbuilding Technology Power Engineering Department Lesson 12 ME Engines 第12课 ME柴油机 The introduction of the electronically controlled camshaft-less low speed diesel engines, which is now gaining momentum, is a milestone in diesel technology that deserves a place in history like Rudolf Diesels first engine in Augsburg, the 1912 motor vessel Selandia, the introduction of turbocharging on two-stroke diesels in 1954, and the first SCR (Selective Catalytic Nox Reduction) systems on ships in 1989. 正在得到发展的电控无凸轮轴低速柴油机的应用，是值得载入史册的柴油机技术史上的里程碑，如同鲁道夫·狄塞尔在奥斯伯格的第一台发动机，1912年第一艘柴油机动力轮船塞拉迪亚号，1954年透平增压首次应用在二冲程柴油机上，1989年选择催化还原氮氧化物减排系统在船上首次应用。 Camshaft-controlled diesel engines have been the state of the art ever since the birth of reciprocating machinery and have been refined and developed ever since. 凸轮轴控制式柴油机是自从往复式机器诞生以来就采用的工艺形式，并不断地得到优化和发展。 However, a mechanical cam is fixed once made and, in spite of various mechanical and hydraulic add-on devices like VIT. 然而机械凸轮一旦安装就固定在那儿，尽管有各种机械和液压的外加装置，如可变喷油定时(VIT)机构等，定时控制的可调性仍然是受机械凸轮限制的。 etc., timing control possibilities are limited with mechanical cams. Not least fuel injection pressure control and variation over the load range have limitations with a camcontrolled engine. 凸轮控制式柴油机受燃油喷射压力的控制及其在一定负荷范围内变化的限制。 Therefore, the main purpose of changing to electronic control is to ensure fuel injection timing and rate, as well as the exhaust valve timing and operation, exactly when and as desired. 因此，(由机械式)改为电控的主要目的是保证喷油正时、喷油率以及排气阀正时和运行都能按需准时。 Especially with respect to the fuel injection rate, the control system has been so designed that it is possible to maintain a rather high injection pressure also at low load, without the limitation from the camshaft-controlled engine, where this would result in too high pressure at high load. 特别是关于喷油率，(无凸轮轴)控制系统的设计使得即使在低负荷时也可能保持相当高的喷射压力，而不受到凸轮轴控制柴油机的类似限制，因为凸轮轴控制柴油机会导致高负荷时喷油压力过高。 Both cam angle, inclination and length are electronically variable. “凸轮角度、曲率和作用长度”都是电子可调的。 In addi