废弃菌糠在石漠化地区植被恢复中的应用.docVIP

废弃菌糠在石漠化地区植被恢复中的应用 　　摘 要： 为促进石漠化地区绿色发展，利用废弃菌糠为栽培基质，研究了菌糠发酵过程温度的变化，及其在不同压力处理条件下的保水特性，并以任豆种子为试验材料，测定其在纯菌糠基质和菌糠-黏土-尾矿混合基质中的发芽率和发芽势，以及幼苗移栽野外后的成活率和植株高度，探讨石漠化地区植被恢复的技术和方法。结果表明：（1）废弃菌糠经发酵处理4周后即可以作为栽培基质使用；（2）粘土和菌糠以1∶4的质量比混合时，栽培基质的粘结效果较好；（3）冲压成型压力对栽培基质料块的保水性和任豆种子发芽率均有一定的影响，冲压力为50 kN时，任豆种子在纯菌糠基质的发芽率和发芽势较高，冲压力为20 kN时，7∶2∶1质量比的菌糠-粘土-尾矿混合基质中，任豆种子的发芽率和发芽势较高；（4）纯菌糠基质或黏土-菌糠-尾矿混合基质，均可作为任豆幼苗栽培的基质使用，但后者的效果比前者更好；（5）对废弃菌糠进行必要的发酵处理，适当添加黏土、尾矿或其它基质，并对移栽后的幼苗进行有效的护理，不仅可以提高移栽成活率，还可以保证苗木质量。 　　关键词： 岩溶地区；石漠化；废弃菌糠；任豆；植被恢复 　　中图分类号：X171.4 文献标识码：A DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2016.12.020 　　Application of Abandoned Edible Fungus Chaff in Vegetation Restoration in Karst Rocky Desertification Area 　　QIN Yongrong， YAO Zongli， ZHANG Longzhen， LI Jisui， YANG Xuguang， GUO Jun 　　（School of Chemistry and Biol-engineering， Hechi University， Yizhou， Guangxi 546300， China） 　　Abstract： In order to promote the green development of karst rocky desertification areas， the abandoned edible fungus chaff was used as plant cultivation substrates in vegetation restoration of the regions. The change of temperature was measured in the process of edible fungus chaff fermentation. The water retention characteristics of the materials were also studied under different pressure. In this study， Zenia insignis seeds were used as experimental material， its germination potential and germination rate were tested respectively in single matrix of edible fungus chaff or mixed matrix made of abandoned edible fungus chaff， clay and mine tailing. The survival rate and height of seedlings were measured after it was transplanted in the field. The project was to probe the techniques and methods of vegetation restoration in karst rocky desertification areas. The results showed that the abandoned edible fungus chaff could be used as cultivation matrix after fermentation four weeks. When clay and edible fungus chaff were mixed with the mass ratio of 1∶4， the bonding effect of growing media was better. Stamping pressure had some ef