Unit 2 Cloning语法 同位语从句学案（人教版必修8）.docVIP

【学习目标】复习同位语从句的用法。 【学习重难点】同位语从句与that引导的定语从句的区别。 【学法指导】复习同位语从句，完成下列练习，小组讨论疑难。 【学习过程】 I同位语从句 1.定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。 2..用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用从属连词。 如： They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick. 对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。 1）.Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？ 2）.Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia. 德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。 ★注：1.连接词whether连接代词who, which, what连接副词where,when, why, how如： 1）.I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.我不知道他是否来。 2).The question who should do the work requires consideration. 谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。 3).We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。 4).It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。[来源:金太阳新课标资源网 HTTP://WX.JTYJY.COM/] II.同位语从句与that引导的定语从句的区别： 1、同位语从句与名词之间在逻辑上是“主语+be+表语”的关系。该名词是需要做特殊说明的抽象名词。例如： a) 听说他们的队赢了，他们很高兴。They were delighted at the news that their team had won. b) 消息就是他们队赢了。The news was that their team had won. 2、从引导词来看：引导词that在同位语从句中是连词，只起连接作用，无具体词义，that不可省略；that在定语从句中是关系代词，它在从句中充当一定成分—— 主语或宾语，有具体词义，作宾语时还可以省略。例如：[来源: /] a) The factory （which/that）we visited yesterday is a chemical one. b) The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true.[来源:学§科§网] 3、同位语从句的简易判断方法：同位语与其先行词之间在逻辑上是“主语+be+表语”的同位语关系。所以，可以在名词从句之间加系动词be，使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，则原句为同位语从句；定语从句是不能够有系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。例如： The belief that the earth is flat is still held in some countries. The belief is that the earth is flat. 4. 能用于名词性从句的名词有： ability, patience, anxiety, answer, order, report, wish, decision, suggestion, belief, doubt, fact, hope, message, news, promise, question, reply等等。 练习题： 1. Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this coming Christmas. A. which B. that C. what D. whether 2. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars __ road condition need __ . A. that; to be improved B. which; to be improved