土木工程专业钢筋混凝土结构设计毕业论文外文文献翻译及原文.docVIP

毕 业 设 计（论文） 外 文 文 献 翻 译 文献、资料中文题目：钢筋混凝土结构设计 文献、资料英文题目：DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES 文献、资料来源： 文献、资料发表（出版）日期： 院 （部）： 专 业： 土木工程 班 级： 姓 名： 学 号： 指导教师： 翻译日期： 2017.02.14 毕 业 设 计（论 文）外 文 参 考 资 料 及 译 文 译文题目： DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES 原文： DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES 1. BASIC CONCERPTS AND CHARACERACTERISTICS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE Plain concrete is formed from hardened mixture of cement, water , fine aggregate , coarse aggregate (crushed stone or gravel ) , air and often other admixtures . The plastic mix is placed and consolidated in the formwork, then cured to accelerate of the chemical hydration of hen cement mix and results in a hardened concrete. It is generally known that concrete has high compressive strength and low resistance to tension. Its tensile strength is approximately one-tenth of its compressive strength. Consequently, tensile reinforcement in the tension zone has to be provided to supplement the tensile strength of the reinforced concrete section. For example, a plain concrete beam under a uniformly distributed load q is shown in Fig . 1.1(a), when the distributed load increases and reaches a value q=1.37KN/m , the tensile region at the mid-span will be cracked and the beam will fail suddenly . A reinforced concrete beam if the same size but has to steel reinforcing bars (2φ16) embedded at the bottom under a uniformly distributed load q is shown in Fig.1.1(b). The reinforcing bars take up the tension there after the concrete is cracked. When the load q is increased, the width of the cracks, the deflection and the stress of steel bars will increase . When the steel approaches the yielding stress ?y , the deflection and the cracked width are so large offering some warning that the compression zone . The failure load q=9.31KN/m, is approximately 6.8 times that for the plain concrete beam. Concrete and reinforcement can work together because there is a sufficien