2007小学期单片机实验.doc

2007小学期单片机实验 项目名称： PC音乐电子琴 项目负责人： 张永帅,杜若飞 项目小组号： 26组 EMAIL： drf1234@ 电信工程学院实验中心 2004年9月 实验摘要 本次实验制作的PC音乐电子琴可以即兴演奏乐曲, 储存乐曲,播放存储乐曲,并可以进行断电保存,断电再放.与计算机相连后可以直接在计算机上实现上述功能.并提供了一个计算机端的扩展功能---迅速保存弹奏.该实验项目各模块集成化后,可用于儿童玩具的工业生产.低端应用:制作的简易琴成本低廉,方便携带,趣味性高,适合学龄儿童的乐理教育.而与计算机相连后也可用于计算机早期兴趣的培养与教学. 高端应用: 可升级计算机端的驱动程序,目前提供了一个扩展功能,可以设计更多扩展功能,充分发挥多媒体计算机的优势. PC音乐电子琴各模块的具体实现: 系统核心是PIC16F877,通过4×4键盘和计算机键盘操作其运行.液晶显示可表明系统运行状态,使用RS232接口经过MAX232电平变换与计算机进行串行通信,使用I2C总线操作24C64的EEPROM(8k)断电保存.使用8Ω的小喇叭输出乐曲. Abstract The PC Electronic Organ designed in this experiment can do jam session, save music, load and play music, including saving without power. It can also realize these functions on PC after communicating with PC, and adding a branch function on PC----rapid save and play. This item could be used in industry to produce toys for children after corpus. Low application: Electronic Organ is cheap, interesting, convenience to carry, and it can be used in education of music theory for children of school age. Interest in computer can be cultured after connecting with PC, education is easier than ever. High application: The drive of PIC on PC can be upgraded. We can design more branch functions, even though there is a branch function on it now. We can develop the advantage of PC to more application. The core of system is PIC16F877 designed by Microchip. With 4? keyboard and keyboard of computer we can control it. LCD lexpresses the station of system. The chip communicates with computer through port RS232 with MAX232 chip, which is used to alter the level. EEPROM is controlled by I2C bus. The music is put out by small trumpet. 实验方案论证与比较 串行通信模块 PC16F877内部集成了2种类型的串行通信模块,即通用同步/异步收发器和USART和主控同步串行端口MSSP,前者主要用于系统外部远距离通信,后者主要用于系统内部近距离通信.与计算机进行远程通信,选用USART模块.USART工作时有2种模式:同步传送和异步传送.由于同步传送要求较多端口,在单片机端口紧缺时不宜采用.故选择串行传送.工作方式采用全双工传送方式,由于传送的信息量较小,不启用接收发送9位数据,以简化程序.由于单片机的串行接口的电平是CMOS电平，而计算机的串口电平是TTL电平中间需要经过MAX232的电平转换才能进行通信.故加入外接芯