橡胶防撞垫片参数对曲线桥力学特性的影响.docVIP

橡胶防撞垫片参数对曲线桥力学特性的影响 　　摘要：基于某两联曲线桥建立了计算模型，通过横桥向橡胶防撞垫片的设置，研究了橡胶垫片设计参数对曲线桥动力特性的影响。结果表明：橡胶垫片的加设使曲线桥旋转中心点转移，位移偏移方向改变；在设置橡胶垫片时，应考虑橡胶垫片的刚度以保证垫片作用力最大值不超过其极限值，避免梁体出现偏移；通过垫片的加设可以减弱梁体与挡块的碰撞，降低墩底曲率延性需求系数；随着间隙值的增大，橡胶垫片利用率明显下降，相对垫片的负荷增大，在保证曲线桥温度正常服役变形要求的前提下尽量减小间隙值的取值；随着硬度的增大，橡胶垫片强度增大，变形能力减弱，进而造成橡胶垫片利用率降低，建议选取邵氏硬度55作为橡胶垫片的首选值。 　　关键词：曲线桥；橡胶垫片；力学特性；间隙值；硬度 　　中图分类号：TU311文献标志码：A 　　Abstract： The calculation model was established based on a curved bridge with twolinking， and the influences of parameters of rubber gasket on mechanical characteristic of curved bridge were studied. The results show that application of rubber gasket make the rotation center of curved bridge transfer and the offset direction change. When rubber gasket is arranged， the stiffness of rubber gasket should be considered to ensure that the maximum force of gasket doesnt exceed the limit value， and the deviation of beam body is avoided. The impact of beam body and block stop can be reduced by addition of gasket， and the curvature ductility demand coefficient of pier bottom can be reduced. The utilization rate of rubber gasket decreases obviously and the load of relative gasket increases with the increase of gap value. Under the premise of ensuring the normal service deformation requirements of temperature of curved bridge， the gap value should be reduced as far as possible. With the increase of hardness， the strength of rubber gasket increases， the deformation ability is weakened， and the utilization rate of rubber gasket is reduced. It is suggested that the Shore hardness value of 55 is taken as the first choice of rubber gasket. 　　Key words： curved bridge； rubber gasket； mechanical characteristic； gap value； hardness 　　0引言 　　2008年中国四川省汶川县发生8.0级地震，造成大量公路桥梁破坏，该地区的桥梁主要为连续简支梁桥，支座多为直接搁置的板式橡胶支座，地震中稳定性较差，主梁与桥墩连接较为薄弱，更多地发生横向、纵向移位，乃至最终落梁[1]。中国地震局2015年11月3日发布中国第5代地震区划图，该区划图以抗倒塌为设防目标，罕遇地震作用桥在该区划图中得到充分体现。然而罕遇地震作用下曲线桥主梁梁体与横桥向挡块碰撞受损严重，纵向、横向相对位移过大易发生落梁，给灾后救援增加了难度。本文基于曲线桥横桥向橡胶垫片的设置，为防止曲线桥横桥向相对位移过大而导致落梁坍塌，提出了较为经济合理的措施。