Unit 6 The Internet and Telecommunications-grammar学案（外研必修1）.docVIP

Perild Ⅳ Module 6 冠 词 Oct 单数可数名词前必须加冠词（习语除外）；不可数名词或复数名词前加the 表特指，否则表泛指。 1、不用冠词的情况 （1）专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前，一般不加冠词。Air is matter. （2）可数名词前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等限制时，不加冠词。 This dictionary is mine. （3）季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐名称前一般不加冠词。 March, May Day, National Day, Children’s Day, Women’s Day Have you had supper? 但：What a good supper we had today! Spring is the best season of the year. （4）称呼语或指家里雇用的nurse、cook 等名词前及表示头衔职务的名词作宾语、补语及同位语时，一般不加冠词。 We made him our chairman. Ask nurse to put the child to bed. （5）学科名称、球类、棋类名称前不加冠词。 Do you study physics? He likes playing football / chess. （6）复数名词表示泛指一类人或事物时前不加冠词。 They are peasants/ workers. （7）在与by 连用时交通工具名称前不加冠词。 by car, by bus, by bike, by train, by air/ water / land 但：take a bus, come in a boat, on the train / bus 需注意。 （8）系动词turn（作“变成”解）后作表语的单数可数名词前习惯不用冠词。 The young girl has turned writer.=The young girl has become a writer. （9）在单数名词+after+同一单数名词（表示“一个接一个”）结构中，单数可数名词前不加冠词。 She did experiment after experiment. 类似的还有：shop after shop after shop, mistake after mistake （10）形容词的最高级前、序数词前也有不用定冠词的情况。 ①“most+形容词析级”作“十分、非常、极”解时，前面不用定冠词。 Oh, it’s most beautiful. ②当两个形容词最高级并列修饰同一个名词时，第二个形容词前通常不用定冠词。 She is the tallest and fattest girl in our school. ③当形容词最高级作表语，不表示与其他或物相比时，其前不用定冠词。 The market in the country is busiest in winter. ④序数词前面一般加定冠词表示“第……”之意，但在second、third等词前不定冠词表示“又一，再一”之意。 He reached out for a second arrow. 注意：下句中“a first”表示“第一名、冠军”。 He is a top student in our class, he often gets a first in maths. （11）no 与such连用时应放在such之前，such 后面的名词不用冠词。 No such thing has ever happened in this vellage. 2、定冠词的使用情况 （1）使用定冠词的一般情况。 ①特指或第二次提到。 ②序数词前、最高级前、独一无二的东西前。 ③用于表示发明物的单数名词或某些专有名词前。 （2）定冠词使用特殊的场合。 ①He hit him in the face. Beat sb. on the nose, take sb. by the arm, pat sb. on the head ②the rich, the poor, the wounded 富人，穷人，伤员 ③the elder of the two, the more beautiful of the two 两者中较年长的一位，较漂亮的一个 ④The sooner, the better. 越快越好。 ⑤He got paid by th