牡蛎壳废水净化除磷材料的研制-生态、功能材料研究所.docVIP

牡蛎壳废水净化除磷材料的研制 中文摘要 牡蛎壳不易破损、比表面积大、除磷效率高、可回收循环使用的净化材料。用XRD和SEM含有丰富的天然多孔结构，经过处理可以产生大量的孔洞结构，具有强吸附功能42wt%硅微粉+58wt%牡蛎壳粉末成型后750℃烧成，再经130℃水热处理并保温16h，可以得到主晶相为硅酸钙水合物Ca5(Si6O18H2)4H2O，羟基磷灰石Ca5(OH)(PO4)3%），抗折强度大(10.96MPa），循环除磷效果优异，含磷浓度为5mg/L的模拟废水，累积除磷量为3.mg/g。免烧法制备废水除磷材料工艺简单，与烧结法相比，可大幅节省能耗。以水泥为粘接剂提供样品强度，最佳工艺为：90wt%牡蛎壳粉添加10wt%水泥，养护28天，样品的抗折强度可达12.26MPa，除磷率为93.3%；含磷浓度为5mg/L的模拟废水pH范围为311，中性或偏碱性环境下更有利于除磷的进行，环境温度越高，除磷效果越好。 因此综合比较分析，硅微粉烧结水热改性牡蛎壳制备的废水除磷材料除磷效率高，反复除磷效果好，可长期使用，而免烧法除磷材料虽然工艺简单，成本低，但只适合短期使用，而且对处理条件如环境温度，pH值等都有一定的要求。 关键词：， Phosphorus Removal by Pulverized Oyster Shell Abstract This work was concentrated on using oyster shell as based material to explore the preparations of a durable, large surface area, high phosphorus removal efficiency and acollectable material. XRD, SEM, EDS and XRF techniques are used to characterize microstructures and compositions of the materials produced, and spectro-photometry using ammonium phospho-molybdate blue method was used to detect the phosphate concentration in the wastewater. There were 4 different preparation methods were adopted in this thesis. 1) the sole use of oyster shell as raw materials; 2) using clay minerals as binder to produce collectable materials; 3) Calcining and hydrothermal Modification of oyster shells by using fumed silica technique; 4) Unburned process with cement addition combinations. The phosphorus removal efficiency, recovery and reuse properties of samples prepared by different processes were discussed and provided as the basic data for making a durable material with lowest cost and high phosphate removal efficiency. Experimental results showed that oyster shell is rich in natural porous structure which could produce a large number of processed pore structure leading a strongly absorption feature. Pulverized oyster shell with a size less than 100 mesh and preheated at 100-550℃ can removal 90% of phosphate in a wastewater with initial phosphate concentration of 5 mg/L. However, oyster shell powder has poor formin