中考+动词的时态和语态.ppt

动词的时态和语态 一 一般现在时的考点分析 1 表示客观事实或普通真理（不受时间限制) The English teacher said that the earth moves around the sun. Water boils at 100oC. 2 表示现状，性质，状态时多用系动词或 状态动词；表示经常或习惯性的动词，多用动作动词，且常与表频度的时间状语连用。 Ice feels cold. We always care for each other and help each other. 3 表示知觉，态度， 感情，某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时 :see, hear, smell, taste, feel, notice, agree, like believe, hate want think, belong, seem等.如： I know what you mean. Smith owns a car and a house. All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School. 4 在表时间，条件状语从句中常用一般现在时 代替将来时。但要注意由if引导的条件状语从句中可以用will或shall表“ 意愿”，但不表时态。 If you will accept my invitation and come to my party, my family will be pleased. 5 有些表示起止的动词如come, go ,leave,arrive fly, return, start, begin, close, end, stop等常用一般现在时代替将来时，表示一个按规定，计划或安排要发生的动作。当be表示根据时间或事先安排，肯定会出现的状态，只用一般现在时。 The shop closes at 11:00p.m. every day. Tomorrow is Wednesday. 二 一般过去时 1 表示过去的事情，动作或状态常与表示过去具体的时间状语连用（或有语境）；用于表达过去的习惯；表示说话人原来没有料到，想到或希望的事情通常用过去式。如： I met her in the street yesterday. I once saw the famous star here. I thought that the film would be interesting, but it isn’t 2 如果从句有过去的时间状语，尽管主动先于从动，但从句仍用过去时。 He told me he read an interesting novel last night. 3 表示两个紧接着发生的动作，常有以下词语连接，用一般过去时如: but, and,when, as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute, the first time. The moment she came in , she told me what had happened to her. He bought a watch but lost it. 4 常用一般过去时的句型，暗示着过去的动作。 Why didn’t you/I think of that? I didn’t notice it. I forgot to tell you I had been with my brother before. I didn’t recognize him. 三 一般将来时 1 表示未来的动作或状态用will/shall+动词（常与表示将来的时间状语如 tomorrow,next week等连用) 2 表示一种趋向或习惯动作。 We’ll die without air or water. 3表示趋向行为的动词如 come go, start,begin, leave等词常用进行时表示将来时。 4 be going to与 will/shall; be to do ,be about to do： 用法及区别： be going to 表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事，这种打算往往是经过事先思考，甚至已做了某种准备；而will/shall do表示未事先思考过，是临时做出的决定。