3.1背景差分法-毕业设计(论文).doc

摘 要 在过去几年中，特别是随着以安全为目的的监控系统日益重要，视频监控已成为在最活跃的研究课题之一。移动物体的侦测与跟踪是智能监控中重要的组成部分，已经成为安防系统中不可或缺的一个部分。移动目标的检测是指从待检测帧中寻找到目标物，并对不同的目标物进行标识。其主要的任务是区别背景与目标，之后，对目标区域部分进行分析，获得对不同目标物的标识。运动目标的跟踪的目的是从序列图片中将运动目标区域提取出来并标识其运动轨迹。 此次设计基于MATLAB软件，在固定背景下，对运动物体进行侦测与跟踪。主要利用背景差分法检测出运动物体，并对差分结果进行去噪，使用数字形态学处理例如腐蚀、膨胀等方法，提取出准确的运动目标，进而实现运动目标的跟踪。本文将课题分为：视频预处理、运动目标提取、目标跟踪这三大步骤，并且对每个部分都进行了详细的原理说明以及实验结果分析。 关键词：视频监控 背景提取 移动物体跟踪  ABSTRACT In?the?past?few years, especially?with the increasing importance of?security system, video surveillance?has become?one?of?the?most active research?topic.?To detection and?track?moving objects, which has become?an integral part?of?the?security system, is?an essential part of?intelligent monitoring?system. Detecting moving objects?means to find?the?target?from a movie frame,?and?identifies the?different?objects.?Its?main task is?to?distinguish?between?background?and moving objects, after that, the?target area should be carried on analysis in order to identify different objects. The?purpose of tracking a moving target?is?to?extract?the area where target is from?the?sequence diagram and?to?identify its?trajectory. The design which based on the MATLAB software, detects and track moving objects under the constant background. The main program is?background subtraction?which is used for detecting moving objects, and then?denoise gained images.?After that, it uses the digital?morphological processing,?such?as?erosion?or other methods?to extract?accurate?moving targets, and?track them.?This essay?will be?divided into?six parts:? video frame processing, background?extraction,?moving objects?extraction,?ensure?coordinates?of?the?moving objects and tracking.?Finally, every?part of?the?essay would describes principles and?analysis of experimental results. keywords：video surveillance；moving objects；tracking  目 录 摘 要 1 ABSTRACT 2 目 录 3 引 言 5 1项目背景 5 2研究现状 6 第一章 系统设计方案及流程图 8 1.1 设计平台简介 8 1.1.1 MATLAB概述 8 1.1.2 AVI格式 8 1.2系统设计方案 9 1.2.1 背景差分法 9 1.2.2 帧间差分法 9 1.2.3 光流法