城市生态系统课件.pptxVIP

Urban Ecosystem2010级生态学 吕胜满OUTLINE1 Definitions and Structure of City/Urban Ecosystem2 Energy and Material Flow through Urban Ecosystem3 In Defense of Urban EcosystemDefinitions and StructureCity setting1 Definitions and Structure of City/Urban EcosystemDefinitions and Structure What is ‘CITY/Urban Ecosystem’? Political Social Economic EcologicalSome Definitions1 U.S. Census Bureaus: Be populated regions with a density of 1600people/square Km and a minimum population of 2500.2 ROSA Census Bureaus :City areas is built-up areas , including vacant space within a local authority boundary , with house ,flat ,hotel ,parks ,school ….3马世骏指出:“城市生态系统是一个以人为中心的自然，经济与社会的复合人工生态系统”Definitions and StructureStructure of City/Urban EcosystemCities are urban ecosystems which include both nature and humans, include nature ,socioeconomic subsystemsDefinitions and StructureDifferences between nature and urban ecosystemAn ecosystem has two parts. Biotic Factors?Living things (plants, animals, bacteria) Abiotic Factors?Non living things (air, water, soil, climate …)Cities are urban ecosystemsBiotic Factors (mostly HUMANS)Abiotic Factors (buildings, transportation networks, modified surfacesDefinitions and Structure2 Energy and Material Flow through the Urban EcosystemEnergy and Material FlowINPUTS Stored Inputs: construction and waste Transformed Inputs: food, fuel, and water Passive Inputs: air, water and heatOUTPUTS Atmospheric Outputs Aquatic and Marine Outputs Earth System Linkages Stored InputsEnergy and Material FlowTransformed Inputs2 waterEnergy and Material FlowPassive InputsEnergy and Material FlowAir, water andheatAtmospheric OutputsEnergy and Material FlowUrban Heat Island1Modify the land surface by?which uses materials which effectively retain heat.2Waste heat generated by energy usage is a secondary contributor. ? Yuzhong Campus and Lanzhou CityEnergy and Material FlowAquatic and Marine OutputsEnergy and Material FlowEarth System LinkagesEnergy and Material FlowEnergy