How Networks Grow David Levinson网络如何成长莱文森戴维.pptVIP

CE8214: Network Growth David Levinson Surface Transportation Network Layers 11 Places 10 Trip Ends 9 End to End Trip 8 Driver/Passenger 7 Service (Vehicle Schedule) 6 Signs and Signals 5 Markings 4 Pavement Surface 3 Structure (Earth Pavement and Bridges) 2 Alignment (Vertical and Horizontal) 1 Right-Of-Way 0 Space Each layer has rules of behavior: some rules are physical and never violated, others are physical but probabilistic., some are legal rules or social norms which are occassionally violated Communications: OSI Reference Model 7 Application?Layer - The Application Layer is the leve