2014届高考英语语法总复习讲义：专题十六 倒装句.docVIP

专题十六 倒装句 ?一、倒装的种类 英语最基本的词序是主语在谓语动词的前面。如果将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来，这称之为完全倒装。如果只将助动词或情态动词移至主语之前，谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面，这称之为部分倒装。 A. 完全倒装? 完全倒装是将谓语的全部放在主语之前，此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时两种。 On her left sat her husband. 她左边坐着她丈夫。? Here is the book you want. 你要的书在这儿。? Down went the small boat. 小船沉下去了。 B. 部分倒装? 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分，如助动词或情态动词，移至主语之前。? Only by working hard can one succeed. 只有努力才能成功。? Never have I seen her before. 我以前没见过她。? 提示：如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。? Well do I remember the day I joined the League.入团的那一天，我记忆犹新。? Little did I think that he could be back alive 我没有想到他竟能活着回来。? 二、?常见的倒装结构 A.?常见的完全倒装结构 1．there be 句型。? There is a mobile phone and some books on the desk. 桌上有一个手机和一些书。? There are thousands of people gathering on the square. 广场上聚集着成千上万的人? 注意 引导词there 还可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem, stand, live 等词。? There lived an old fisherman in the village. 村里住着一位老渔夫。? There stand two white houses by the river. 河滨矗立着两座白房子。? There existed some doubt among the students. 学生中有些怀疑。 2．用于here, there, now, thus, then + 动词 + 主语的句型中（谓语动词多为be, go, come等）。? Here comes the bus．汽车来了。? There goes the bell. 铃响了。? Now comes my turn. 轮到我了。? Then came the order to take off. 起飞的命令到了。 3．以out, in, up, down, off, away等副词开头，谓语动词是表示“移动”的go, come, leave等句子里。? Away went the crowd one by one. 人们一个一个地离去。? In came a stranger in black. 进来了一位穿黑衣的陌生人。? Down fell the leaves. 树叶掉了下来。? 注意在完全倒装的结构里,如果主语是人称代词,则用正常语序。? Out she went. 她走了。? Here we are. 我们到了。 4．表示地点的介词词组位于句首，谓语动词是表示“存在”之意的be, lie, stand, exist等句子中。? South of the lake lies a big supermarket. 湖泊的南边是一个大超市。? 20 miles east of our school lies a modern swimming pool. 我们学校向东20英里有一个现代化的游泳池。? On the floor were piles of old books, magazines and newspapers. 地板上是一堆堆旧的书报杂志。 5. “表语+连系动词+主语”结构。? Lucky is she who was admitted to a famous university last year. ? 她很幸运，去年被一所名牌大学录取。? Gone are the days when he was looked down upon. ? 他被人看不起的日子一去不复返了。? Present at the meeting are some well-known scientists. ? 一些知名的科学家出席了会议。 B.?常