Molecular Geometry and 3D Structures of Molecules分子的分子几何和三维结构.pptVIP

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Molecular Geometry and 3D Structures of Molecules分子的分子几何和三维结构.ppt

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Molecular Geometry and 3D Structures of Molecules分子的分子几何和三维结构

Methane Lewis Dot Structure Sites on an atom A site is something that takes up space around the atom. Attached atoms Unshared pairs of electrons Total sites = attached atoms + unshared pairs Sites in Methane Carbon is central atom 4 atoms (H) attached no unshared pairs sites = 4 + 0 = 4 4 sites VSEPR Theory Electrons repel Will move as far apart as possible in 3 dimensions Actually electron clouds that repel. Attached atoms positioned by repulsion of electrons clouds bonded to. Methane Summary clouds arrange tetrahedrally clouds 109.5o apart Shape is tetrahedral Methane ball and stick 3D representation of methane Wedge is coming out of plane of paper dash behind compare to ball and stick Comparison of Methane Structures Space filling model of methane Summary sheet Ammonia Lewis Dot Structure Sites in Ammonia 3 attached atoms 1 unshared pair total of 4 sites Clouds tetrahedral Ammonia Ball and Stick 3D Representation of Ammonia Clouds still tetrahedral one cloud has unshared pair invisible cloud repels more strongly than bonds pushes bonds together bond angle 107.7 trigonal pyramidal Comparison of Ammonia Structures Ammonia space fill Summary sheet Water Lewis Dot Structure Sites in Water 2 attached atoms 2 unshared pairs 4 sites Clouds tetrahedral Water Ball and Stick 3D Representation of Water Clouds still tetrahedral two clouds have unshared pairs invisible clouds repel more strongly than bonds push bonds together bond angle 105 bent Comparison of Water Structures Water Space Fill Summary sheet HCl Lewis Dot Structure Sites in HCl 1 attached atom 3 unshared pairs 4 sites Clouds tetrahedral HCl Ball and Stick 3D Representation of HCl Clouds still tetrahedral three clouds have unshared pairs invisible clouds bond angle 180 linear Comparison of HCl Structures HCl Space Fill Summary sheet CH2O Lewis Dot Structure Sites in CH2O 3 attached atoms 0 unshared pairs 3 sites Clouds trigonal planar CH2O Ball and Stick 3D Representation of CH2O clouds go to corners o