Obesity and Weight Control Weber State University肥胖与体重控制韦伯州立大学.pptVIP

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Obesity and Weight Control Weber State University肥胖与体重控制韦伯州立大学.ppt

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Obesity and Weight Control Weber State University肥胖与体重控制韦伯州立大学

Select a Diet Program Method Principle Disadvantage Low CHO – ketogenic Increased ketone excretion removes energy-containing substances from body. Ketogenic High fat intake contraindicated. High protein Low caloric intake favors negative energy balance. Elevated thermic effect. Expensive, repetitious; difficult to maintain, dehydrates. Semi-starvation Decreased energy input assures negative balance. Possible malnutrition, lethargy, ?LBM. High CHO, low fat Low carbohydrate favors negative balance. Initial water retention. Exercising to Tip Energy Balance Increased physical activity combined with dietary restraint maintains weight loss more effectively than caloric restriction alone. For previously sedentary, overweight, moderate increases in physical activity do not necessarily increase food intake. Recommend minimum of 3 days per week. Intensity individualized, minimum 300 kcal/session Diet Plus Exercise Combining exercise and diet offers more flexibility for weight loss. Exercise facilitates fat mobilization from adipose depots and fat catabolism. Preserves fat free body mass, blunts decrease in RMR, improves insulin sensitivity. Diet Plus Exercise The Ideal Combination Exercise enhances fat mobilization from body’s adipose depots and fat catabolism by active muscles. Protects against protein loss in skeletal muscle and improves insulin sensitivity. Maintenance of Goal Body Weight Most weight loss occurs during first 6 months. Up to 85% those starting a weight loss program drop regain. IOM recommend that obese reduce initial body weight by 5% to 15% as realistic. Maintenance of Goal Weight Selective fat reduction at specific body areas by spot reduction does NOT work. Exercise stimulates fatty acid mobilization through hormones and enzyme action that target fat depots throughout the body. Gaining Weight Resistance training complemented by well-balanced diet increases muscle mass. If all calories consumed in excess of energy requirement during resistance training