Orbital excitation of the Giant planets its relation to 巨行星的轨道激发及其关系.pptVIP

Dynamics of the young Solar system Kleomenis Tsiganis Dept. of Physics - A.U.Th. Overview Solar system architecture Planet migration Two unsolved problems: - orbits of the giant planets - Late Heavy Bombardment (LHB) A new migration model Results Conclusions The Kuiper Belt Late Heavy Bombardment N-body simulations: Sun + 4 giant planets + Disc of planetesimals 43 simulations t~100 My: ( e , sinΙ ) ~ 0.001 aJ=5.45 AU , aS=aJ22/3 - Δa , Δa 0.5 AU U and N initially with a 17 AU ( Δa 2 AU ) Disc: 30-50 ME , edge at 30-35 AU (1,000 – 5,000 bodies) 8 simulations for t ~ 1 Gy with aS= 8.1-8.3 AU Evolution of the planetary system Crossing the 1:2 resonance The final planetary orbits Jupiter Trojans Trojans = asteroids that share Jupiter’s orbit but librate around the Lagrangian points, δλ ~ ± 60o We assume a population of Trojans with the same age as the planet A simulation of 1.3 x 106 Trojans ? all escape from the system when J and S cross the resonance !!! Is this a problem for our new migration model? … No! ? Chaotic capture in the 1:1 resonance The Lunar Bombardment Conclusions Our model assumes: An initially compact and cold planetary system with PS / PJ 2 and an external disc of planetesimals ? 3 distinct periods of evolution for the young solar system: Slow migration on circular orbits Violent destabilization Calming (damping) phase Main observables reproduced: The orbits of the four outer planets (a,e,i) Time delay, duration and intensity of the LHB The orbits and the total mass of Jupiter Trojans * * Collaborators: Alessandro Morbidelli (OCA) Hal Levison (SwRI) Rodney Gomes (ON-Brasil) Tsiganis et al. (2005), Nature 435, p. 459 Morbidelli et al. (2005), Nature 435, p. 462 Gomes et al. (2005), Nature 435, p. 466 Institut fur Astronomie - Universitats Wien, Vienna 27/4/2006 Inner (terrestrial) planets: Mercury – Venus – Earth - Mars (1.5 AU) Main Asteroid Belt (2 – 4 AU) G