Physical Changes with Aging UNC School of Medicine随着衰老医学UNC学校物理变化.pptVIP

Physical Changes with Aging Observations Regarding Senescence Racquel Daley-Placide, MD Clinical Assistant Professor Division of Geriatrics The University of North Carolina @ Chapel Hill AAAAAAHHHHHHH!!!! US Census Bureau Data for US population of adults age 65 and older 1990 ? 30 million 2030 ? 70 million 2050 ? 96 million Doh! “Chronologic age is not an accurate predictor of physical condition or behavior” Sue Saxon Mary Jean Etten, Physical Change Aging Rather, Physical condition seems to be driven by: Lifestyle choices exercise nutrition stress management Genetics Environment Robert Redford at age 64 Our Objective Distinguish between “normal aging” and pathologic changes Describe changes observed in various organ systems. Cells The cells of the elderly (regardless of when they last underwent mitosis) look the same as young cells. However, old cells do not withstand a variety of challenges quite so well as younger cells. = Homeostenosis Theories of Aging Programmed Aging Theory Hayflick Phenomenon Telomere shortening Somatic Mutation Theory/Error Theory Wear Tear Theory Cross-linking Theory Free Radical Theory/Accumulation Theory Immunological Theory Who Knows…… Note Well…. We can’t possibly cover everything today There is a lot of controversy surrounding pathophysiology of changes Observed Changes in the Heart Deposits of the aging pigment, lipofuscin, accumulate. The valves of the heart thicken and become stiffer. The number of pacemaker cells decrease and fatty fibrous tissues increase about the SA node. These changes may result in a slightly slower heart rate. A slight increase in the size of the heart, especially the left ventricle, is common. The heart wall thickens, so the amount of blood that the chamber can hold may actually decrease. The heart may fill more slowly. To compensate, elderly subjects demonstrate a doubling of percent atrial contribution to filling. EFFECT OF CHANGES Under normal circums