Properties of Water Wikispaces水的性质 wiki空间.pptVIP

Water is a Polar Molecule In some molecules atoms do not share electrons equally The oxygen atom pulls on the shared electrons in each hydrogen causing a partial POSITIVE charge on each hydrogen and a partial NEGATIVE charge on the oxygen Hydrogen Bonds Weak interactions between H with partial positive charge and atoms with partial negative charge H O H O H Form and break easily H-bonding allows water molecules to bind to other polar molecules. Unique Properties of Water Cohesion and Adhesion Surface tension Capillary action Excellent solvent Temperature-stabilizing effects Properties of Water Honors Biology Bhattacharya / Hammer Capillary Action What will happen when straw is lowered into water? Capillary Action in Organisms Capillary action allows roots to absorb H2O from soil Transpiration (evaporation from leaves) pulls H2O upwards from roots Solubility: Key Definitions Hydrophilic substance (water-loving) A polar molecule (e.g. glucose) that easily dissolves in water Hydrophobic substance (water-dreading) A nonpolar molecule (e.g. oil) that resists dissolving in water H2O: Excellent Solvent H2O dissolves more substances than any other known solvent H2O dissolves many types of salts and sugars, many proteins, and a variety of hormones that dissolve in blood and regulate various life processes Small nonpolar molecules also dissolve Enough O2 dissolves to allow fish and other aquatic life to survive Temperature Stabilization Properties of Water High specific heat H2O acts as a heat reservoir and its temperature remains relatively stable Helps reduce temperature fluctuation in plants and animals High heat of vaporization It takes a lot of heat to evaporate just a little H2O This keeps water in lakes and ponds in the summer High heat of fusion It takes much longer for lakes and streams to freeze in winter Temperature Stabilization Evaporative cooling During evaporatio