Software Engineering for RealTime A Roadmap软件工程的实时路线图.pptVIP

Software Engineering for Real-Time: A Roadmap H. Kopetz. Technische Universitat Wien, Austria Presented by Wing Kit Hor Outline Difference between soft and hard real-time system Visible trends in the field of hardware and communication Requirements on future real-time system design Three principles of composability Validation of high-dependability systems Introduction Real time systems Systems that are required to produce the intended result at (or around) a specific point on the time scale. They are measured in both value and temporal domains Soft vs Hard real-time system Soft real-time system A failure to meet a specified deadline reduces the utility of the result, but does not lead to a significant financial loss Example: Letter sorting machine Hard real-time system A failure to meet a specified deadline can lead to catastrophic consequences. Example: Computer system controlling a railway-shunting yard Soft vs Hard real-time system (cont.) Distinction is based on characteristics, application, environment, not the computer system itself. Initially deployed real time systems were soft real time systems Need additional backup system The need of fail-safe hard real time systems are increasing Technology trends System on a Chip (SOC) Smart MEMS Sensors COTS Components Internet Connectivity High-dependability systems Future real-time control system Distributed real-time system Consisting of a set of node computers connected by a communication system Two type of nodes: Powerful system nodes Smart sensor nodes Real-time networks What is required Two-level design methodology Design of architecture Development of components What is required (cont.) Predictable Communication Not possible to precisely coordinate the activities if time needed is unknown Unknown jitter of network - degradation of QOS. Network type suitable for distributed control applications: System Network Sensor Network What is required (cont.) Generic Fault Tolerance Present: fault-tolerant real-time