Soil Salinity and Plant Growth Decagon Devices土壤盐分和植物生长角形装置.pptVIP

Making Electrical Conductivity Meaningful Gaylon Campbell Decagon Devices, Inc. Pullman, WA Richard Stirzaker’s Goldilocks Principle Soil water measurements: useful but too detailed for the big picture Groundwater and river monitoring: too slow for management decisions Monitoring salinity in the soil profile: “just right” Virtual Seminar at Solute Signatures: Monitoring and Interpreting Salt and Nitrate Levels in the Root-Zone July 8, 2010 Dr. Richard Stirzaker Principal Research Scientist CSIRO Australia Three Measures of Electrical Conductivity Saturation extract ECe – Best measure of soil salinity and crop response Soil bulk ECb - Measured by in situ sensors Soil water ECw - Sensed by the plant At saturation ECe = ECw 1 gram of salt, 1 kg of water Measuring 1g/kg EC using GS3 sensor and ProCheck Add the 1.8 dS/m water to soil Saturated soil bulk EC 1.8 dS/m water “Field capacity” soil bulk EC 1.8 dS/m water Why is soil EC lower than water EC? Water Saturated Soil Field Capacity Cross section for flow is smaller in soil Flow path is longer in soil ECb = ECw ECb = ECw/3 ECb = ECw/10 Getting ECe from ECb Getting ECw from ECb ECe ECw Bulk EC (ECb) Decreases with water content Measured by probes in soil Depends on soil water content, soil salt content and temperature Saturation Extract EC (ECe) A measure of the amount of salt in the soil Tells us what crops will grow in that soil Is typically 3 to 10 times the bulk EC of the soil Pore water EC (ECw) What the plant sees Equal to ECe at saturation Predictions from ECb are uncertain when soil water content is low Water Content under rainfed winter wheat Soil Bulk EC under rainfed winter wheat Saturation extract EC rainfed winter wheat Pore water EC Rainfed winter wheat Maintaining Soil Productivity: Leaching fraction Defined as the ratio of drainage water to applied water: LF = Ddrain/Dirrig Can use it to compute drainage required for a particular irrigation water quality