Technology of World War One Eagle Mountain 世界大战技术鹰山.pptVIP

TECHNOLOGY OF WORLD WAR 1 Mr. Dodson Technology of World War One In no other war has technology played such a critical role in impacting how the war would be fought. The First World War began as a clash of 20th century technology and 19th century tactics, with inevitably large casualties. Think of these weapons/technologies as solutions to problems Technology of World War One Machine Guns Artillery Grenades Communications Transportation Tanks Armor Aircraft Chemical Warfare U-Boats Convoy system Barbed Wire All of these technologies had an impact on the strategy and tactics of the war. Some were used in a new way, others were used in response to other technologies or new tactics and strategies. TRENCH WARFARE Description/Use: Trenches, often reinforced with wood, with larger underground bunkers dug in side for more protection Series of progressively more improved trenches with interconnecting trenches Strategy employed because of stalemate, machine guns artillery Impact: Many weapons and tactics were created to overcome the defensive nature of trenches Evolution: Concrete bunkers, pillboxes and gun emplacements – obsolete by WW2 MACHINE GUN MACHINE GUN Description:Rapid fire weapon (400-800 rounds/minute) typically crewed by several men Belt-fed, .30 cal (typical) Use:Anti-personnel, used against massed infantry Impact:Possibly the most influential weapon of the warContributed to stalemate and affected tactics No longer would massed infantry be the most effective Evolution:Would be mounted on airplanes and armored vehiclesBecame smaller, less crew (squad-level weapon)Submachine guns at end of war ARTILLERY ARTILLERY Description/Use: Large caliber weapon capable of direct (gun) or indirect (howitzer) fire - 37 mm – 42 cm Impact: artillery barrage to soften up targets Huge guns to destroy fortresses in Belgium – railway guns Extreme long range attacks (Paris gun) terrified Parisians 126 km (68 mi) range (300 attacks) Evolution: improved accuracy, range