The American Revolutionary War17751781美国独立战争1775年至1781年.pptVIP

* * * The American Revolutionary War (1775-1781) British Advantages Over the Americans Brits had greater numbers of troops. 48,000 British soldiers + 30,000 Hessians Americans had no standing army. Brits had an organized navy. Brits were used to American soil. The Brits had no European wars going on at this time. About 1/3 of the people in America were loyal Tories Issues for the British Logistics Would population go for a long war? No new taxes – however, that would come with war Many said good riddance to the colonies Organization of American Military Effort Washington chosen to lead. Why? Good commander He’s from Virginia Colonial militias provide foundation Many were French-Indian War vets. Asked men to enlist for 1 yr terms. Outbreak of War - 1775 Lexington/Concord: April, 1775 Ft. Ticonderoga: May 1775 Bunker Hill: June,1775 Quebec: Dec, 1775 War in 1776 Boston abandoned, March 1776 British troops first arrive June, 1776 New York is captured by British, Aug- Sept 1776 Plan was to split the colonies – control the Hudson River Warm water port (didn’t freeze in winter) Nathan Hale, Sept 1776 By late 1776, Washington’s army went from 23,000 men to 7,000 American victory at Trenton, Dec 1776 Delaware Crossing War in 1777 –the 3 Pronged Attack 3 British armies Howe – NYC – north to Albany St. Leger – Montreal - SW to Lake Ontario then east to Albany Burgoyne – Montreal – South to Albany Cut off New England Results of 3 Pronged Attack What happened Howe attacks Philadelphia St. Leger was defeated at Oriskany Burgoyne defeated at Saratoga, Oct 1777 Turning Point of the War Why? Treaties with French – Spring 1778 Treaty of Amity and Commerce French recognize American Independence Establish trade ties Treaty of Alliance Established a military alliance Neither France nor America would negotiate a separate peace treaty with the Brits. France declared war – June, 1778. Valley Forge Dec 1777 – June 1778 Winter encampment outside Philly No food, disease, free