The Prototype Immunoglobulin Molecule原型免疫球蛋白分子.pptVIP

Lecture 2Antigens, Receptors and Immunoglobulins Antigenic Determinants (Epitopes) What is an antibody? Product of adaptive immunity Made specifically to bind a unique antigenic epitope (also called an antigenic determinant) Possesses an antigen binding site A product of the Plasma cell Members of the class of proteins called immunoglobulins Receptor-Epitope Interactions and Affinity Most biological systems can be viewed in terms of interactions between receptors and epitopes (“hand and glove”). Specificity of the interaction between the receptor and epitope is determined by the amino acid sequence of the receptor (“tailoring the glove”). If the glove is too big, the glove falls off. If the glove is too small, you can’t get your hand into it. If the glove is missing fingers… Binding of the epitope in the antigen binding site Basic Immunoglobulin Structure The Prototype Immunoglobulin Molecule Heavy Chains (five types: ?????????????? Light Chains (two types: ??and????? Fab fragment Fc fragment Constant and variable regions Carbohydrate Disulfide linkages Immunoglobulin G (IgG) 2 Heavy and 2 Light chains 2 Fab and 1 Fc fragment 4 Subclasses (IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4) Mol. Wt. 150,000 ~70-75% of serum immunoglobulin. The major antibody of the secondary immune response Change in affinity with time Immunoglobulin M (IgM) 10 Heavy and 10 Light chains 10 Fab and 5 Fc fragments Mol. Wt. ~900,000 10% of serum immunoglobulin. Single J Chain (15 kDA) The predominant early antibody Most primitive immunoglobulin No change in affinity with time Immunoglobulin A (IgA) Monomeric- Serum IgA ~15-20% of serum immunoglobulins 2 Heavy and 2 Light 2 Subclasses (IgA1 and IgA2) Found in serum Secretory Immunoglobulin A (sIgA) 4 heavy chains and 4 light chains (dimeric) J-Chain and secretory component The major immunoglobulin of secretions Not found in serum Immunoglobulin E (IgE) 2 Heavy and 2 Light chains Mol. Wt. ~190,000 Trace serum protein Note CH4 region on H chain Associate