Volcanic Geomorphology Kean University火山地貌基恩大学.pptVIP

ESCI 307, Fall 2003, Lecture 4 * ESCI 307, Fall 2003, Lecture 4 * ESCI 307, Fall 2003, Lecture 4 * ESCI 307, Fall 2003, Lecture 4 * ESCI 307, Fall 2003, Lecture 4 * ESCI 307, Fall 2003, Lecture 4 * ESCI 307, Fall 2003, Lecture 4 * ESCI 307, Fall 2003, Lecture 4 * Maars Tuff Ring Ukinrek Maars A maar is a broad, low-relief volcanic crater that is caused by a phreatomagmatic eruption, an explosion caused by groundwater coming into contact with hot lava or magma Panum Crater is a good example of both a tuff ring and a Rhyolite dome Rising magma hit groundwater, explosion left crater, then fountain of hot cinders made ring, then remaining magma rose as dome Mono Co, CA Rhyolite, very high silica, very viscous, can’t get rid of gas bubbles, explodes Iceland Is on the mid-Atlantic Ridge, 13 volcanoes have erupted since AD 874. most active volatile is Grímsv?tn. Over the past 500 years, Icelands volcanoes have erupted a third of the total global lava output. One quarter of Iceland ‘s population died due to eruption of the craters of Laki in 1783-84. The craters are a part of a larger volcanic system with the subglacial Grímsv?tn as a central volcano. Because most of Grímsv?tn’s eruptions have been subglacial, the interaction of magma and meltwater from the ice causes phreatomagmatic explosions Tephra forms Tuff Source: Gerald Buff Corsi/Visuals Unlimited, Inc. Ignimbrite or Welded Tuff Erosional Remnants Plugs Dikes Ship Rock, NM Intrusive terrains - Laccoliths Laccoliths - Henry Mts. Colorado Plateau First studied in 1875-1876 by Grove Karl Gilbert. The term laccolith) is used to describe the characteristic shapes of some of the igneous intrusions that core the mountains. Intrusive terrains - Sierra Nevada Batholith ESCI 307, Fall 2003, Lecture 4 * ESCI 307, Fall 2003, Lecture 4 * ESCI 307, Fall 2003, Lecture 4 * ESCI 307, Fall 2003, Lecture 4 * ESCI 307, Fall 2003, Lecture 4 * ESCI 307, Fall 2003, Lecture 4 * ESCI 307, Fall 2003, Lecture 4 * ESCI 307