Why Do Fish Grow Forever Search FishBase鱼为什么永远生长搜索的鱼.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * Biodiversity of FishesUnderstanding Longevity Rainer Froese GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany 26.11.2015 Longevity in Fish Maximum age on record for a species Maximum time available for growth and reproduction Used as proxy for natural mortality M ~ 4.5/tmax 1 of 5 criteria to estimate resilience Taylor (1958) Longevity as age at 95% of L∞ Longevity (years) = 3 / K where t is age, L∞ is the asymptotic body length, K indicates how fast L∞ is approached, and t0 is the hypothetical age at zero length. Taylor, C.C., 1958, Cod growth and temperature., J. Cons. Int. Explor. Mer. 23:366-370. Longevity vs Taylor’s 3/K 353 species, FishBase 11/2006 1 : 1 Longevity vs Temperature Longevity vs Maximum Length Maximum age and length known for 1036 species of fishes, FishBase 11/2006 Maximum Length vs Longevity Maximum length and age known for 1036 species of fishes, FishBase 11/2006 (Slope = 0.80, 95% CL = 0.76-0.84, r2 = 0.6124) L∞ vs tmax within Species Median slope for populations within 141 species = 0.42 (95% CL = 0.39-0.46) 6410 growth studies FishBase 11/2006 Longevity vs Age at Maturity tmax ~ 4 * tm Froese and Binohlan 2000 Empirical Equations for Longevity Longevity vs Environment Diadromous Longevity vs Habitat Longevity vs Trophic Level Facts Relative size at maturity (Lm / Lmax) Fish 0.44 (n=530, 95% LCL =0.421, UCL=0.451) Marine mammals 0.76 (n=9, LCL=0.716, UCL=0.803) Birds 1.0 Relative age at maturity (tm / tmax) Fish 0.24 (n=229, LCL=0.224, UCL=0.253) Marine mammals 0.13 (LCL= 0.0913, UCL = 0.198) Birds 0.05 (LCL=0.0364, UCL=0.0695) Whale shark vs Fin whale The largest fish, the Whale shark (Rhincodon typus) needs about 9 years to reach maturity at about 5.5 m and 750 kg, and about 60 years to reach a maximum length of 14 m and 12 tons. The fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) needs about 7 years to reach maturity at a size of about 20 m and about 36 tons, with a maximum size of about 25 m and 70 tons. Whale shark vs Fin whale Whit