虚拟语气 期末复习资料.pptVIP

Grammar 虚拟语气 （The Subjunctive Mood ) （5）由连接词in case, so that ,unless, lest ,for fear that引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟形式，即should(might, would)+动词原形，例如：?She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he should catch cold. 她在那个婴儿身上盖上了毯子以免他着凉。?The bad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself.? * * 如果他们在这儿，会帮助你的。 如果他昨天来的话，我会把这件事告诉他的。 3. 如果你将来成功了，一切都会好的。 If they were here, they would help you. If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it. 　 If you should succeed, everything would be all right. If you were to succeed, everything would be all right. Three moods: the indicative mood（陈述语气） the imperative mood（祈使语气） the subjunctive mood（虚拟语气） 1. If it rains tomorrow, I won’t go there. 2. You be more careful. 3. If it were to rain tomorrow, I wouldn’t go there. 虚拟语气（The Subjunctive Mood ) 表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。虚拟语气主要用于: 条件从句、方式从句和名词性从句中。 与将来事实相反 与过去事实相反 与现在事实相反 主句的谓语形式 条件从句的谓语形式 条件从句 should + 动词原形 were to + 动词原形 过去式 （were) would should could might + 动词原形 would should could might + have + done would should could might + 动词原形 had + 过去分词 一、条件从句中 (Sentence of unreal condition) * But注意难点1--混合条件句 有时，主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，主句从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这种条件句叫做混合条件句。例如： 如果你昨天问过他，今天就知道做什么了。 （从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。） 2.如果昨晚下过雨，今天就会很冷了。 If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. If it had rained last night（过去）, it would be very cold today （现在）. 典型例题 　 _____ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A. If were I B. I were　 C. Were I　D. Was I 　 　　虚拟条件句的从句部分含有were, should, 或had时, 可省略if，再把were, should或had 移到从句的句首，实行倒装。例如： 　 V 难点2--虚拟条件句的倒装 _____they here now, they could help us. =__ ____ ____ here now, they could help us. 1.他们现在在的话，就会帮助我们了。 Were If they were 2.你来得早一点，就碰到他了。 3.假如下雨，庄稼就有救了。 ____ you come earlier, you would have met him. =__ ___ ____ _____, you would have met him. ______ it rain, the crops would be saved. =__ __ _____