重庆大学专业英语课程试卷.doc

Exercise 2 一、阅读理解（20points）: Passage one The circuit element used to model the current-resisting behavior of a material is the ① . It is the simplest ② element. Georg Simon Ohm is credited with formulating the ③ relationship for a resistor based on experiments performed in 1826. This relationship is known as Ohms Law. Ohms Law states that the voltage across a resistor is ④ the current flowing through the resistor. The constant of proportionality is the resistance value of the resistor in ohms. The circuit symbol for the resistor is shown in Fig.1. For the current and voltage shown, Ohms Law is u(t) = Ri(t) (1) where R≥0 is the resistance in ohms. Since R is constant, Eq.(1) is the equation of a straight line. For this reason, the resistor is called a linear resistor. A graph of u(t) versus i(t) for a linear resistor is a line passing through the origin with a slope of R. Resistors whose resistances do not remain constant for different terminal current are known as ⑤ resistors. For such a resistor, the resistance is a function of the current flowing in the device. In reality, all practical resistors are nonlinear because the electrical characteristics of all conductors are affected by environmental factors such as temperature. Many materials, however, closely approximate an ideal linear resistor over a desired operating region. Choose the best answer into the blanks. 1 A. capacitor B. inductor C. resistor D. source 2 A. passive B. active C. linear D. nonlinear 3 A. current-current B. current-voltage C. voltage-power D. current-power 4 A. equal to B. directly proportional to C. inversely proportional to D. different from 5 A. linear B. constant C. nonlinear D. time-varying Passage two The effective value of voltage