英语句子结构分析课件.pptVIP

英语句子的基本结构 句子种类两种分类法 按句子的用途可分四种： 1）陈述句（肯定、否定）： He is six years old. 2）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）： Do they like skating? How old is he? Mary can swim, can’t she? 3）祈使句：Be careful, boys. Don’t talk in class 4）感叹句：How clever the boy is! 按句子的结构可分三种： 1) 简单句 2) 并列句 3) 复合句 1）简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。 e.g. He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers. 我们可以给句子的动词加上副词修饰，给名词加上形容词、介词短语修饰，给句子加上状语进行修饰等，以使整个句子的意思变得更加的丰富和充实。但不管如何变，都只有一个主谓结构。 He worked hard all his life. (划线部分在句中作状语，修饰动词worked) He is a school student in No. 1 Middle School. (划线部分在句中作定语，修饰名词student) 2) 并列句： 句型：简单句+并列连词+简单句 并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要，相互之间没有从属关系，是平行并列的关系。它们之间用连词连结。 e.g. You help him and he helps you. The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 并列句的分类 1、表示连接两个同等概念，常用and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, then等连接。 e.g. The teacher’s name is Smith, and the student’s name is John. 2、表示选择，常用的连词有or, either…or…, otherwise等。 e.g. Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train. 3、表示转折，常用的连词有but, yet, while等。 e.g. He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting. 4、表示因果关系，常用的连词有so, for等。 e.g. August is the time of the year for rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark. 3）复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。 从句包括名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从 句、表语从句和同位语从句） 定语从句和状语从句等。 句型 主句+连词+从句；或连词+从句+主句 e.g. The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall. 复合句就是含有两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子。这种结构中，必定有一个主谓结构是句子的主句部分，而另一个主谓结构则是句子的次要部分，即从句部分。 As is known to all, China is getting more and more powerful. (As 引导一个定语从句) Where there is a will, there is a way. (Where引导一个表地点的状语从句) Exercises 判断句型 1.Having finished his homework, the boy went on to help his mother. 2. What he says doesn’t suit what he does. 3. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon. 4. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom. 5. There is