西方戏剧漫谈课件.pptVIP

A Glimpse of Western Drama 2009.10.23 I. The origin of western drama i. The origin of drama: The religious ceremonials： The desire to imitate (mimetic instinct) The desire to worship Ceremonials: Prayer, song, dancing Drama: action (Classical Greek: δρ?μα, dráma) II. Greek drama A theatrical culture that flourished in ancient Greece Time: Between c. 550 and c. 220 BC. Centre: The city-state of Athens, which became a significant cultural, political and military power during this period A Titan who was punished by the god Zeus for giving fire to mankind. III. Types of drama Types: Subgenres 次文类 Tragedy, comedy, melodrama, tragicomedy IV. The tradition of Shakespeare’s tragedy 1. The tradition of Aristotle 2. The tradition of Seneca Aristotle (384 BC – 322 BC) a detail of The School of Athens, a fresco (壁画) by Raphael. Seneca (4BC-65AD) His 9 plays were based on Greek drama (especially that of Euripides) and further adapted by playwrights of the Italian , French and English Renaissance. Conclusion Greek and Roman drama provided a wide resources, deep insight and inspiration for Shakespeare’s dramatic creation. peripertia 突转 Plot action recognition 发现 peripertia : The reversal of one’s fortune from favorable to unfavorable , or vice versa recognition / discovery / anagnorisis : The discovery of the true state of affairs by the protagonist who has previously been in error or ignorance . The classic instance is Oedipus’s recognition that he himself has killed his father Laios and married his mother Iokaste. The plot includes violence , the actions of tyrants , madness , ghosts , poison , suicide , incest and horrible crimes. Horrors on stage in their revenge tragedies (or : tragedy of blood) （复仇剧） Influence on Shakespeare: Hamlet, Macbeth * * I. The origin of western drama II. Greek drama