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Part One: Overview Part Two: Process Management Part Three: Memory Management Part Four: Storage Management Part Five: Protection and Security Part One: Overview Part One: Overview Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures 要 点 什么是操作系统 操作系统的发展(批处理系统、分时系统、实时系统) 操作系统的组成 操作系统特点 操作系统结构 重要概念： 操作系统（Operating Systems） 多道程序设计(Multi Programming) 系统调用 （System Call） 微内核技术 (Micro Kernel) Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 What Operating Systems Do 1.2 Computer-System Organization 1.3 Computer-System Architecture 1.4 Operating-System Structure (The Development of Operating Systems) 1.5 Operating-System Operations 1.6 Operating system Components 1.7 * Features of OS Exercises 1.1 What Operating Systems Do The operating system’s role Computer system can be divided into four components Hardware – provides basic computing resources CPU, memory, I/O devices 硬件－提供基本计算资源 Operating system Controls and coordinates use of hardware among various applications and users 操作系统－在不同用户及各应用程序之间控制和协调硬件的使用 Application programs – define the ways in which the system resources are used to solve the computing problems of the users Word processors, compilers, web browsers, database systems, video games 应用程序－定义利用系统资源解决用户计算问题的方法。 Users People, machines, other computers 1. User View A program that acts as an intermediary between a user of a computer and the computer hardware. 作为计算机用户与计算机硬件之间的接口的程序 The user view of the computer varies by the interface being used: 用户观点由于面对的接口不同而不同 Users of PCs: The OS is designed mostly for ease of use, with some attention paid to performance, and none paid to resource utilization. PC用户：易用，适当注意性能，忽略资源利用率 Users of a terminal connected to a mainframe or minicomputer: The OS is designed to maximize resource utilization 大型机或小型机的终端用户：最大资源利用率 Users of a workstation: The OS is designed to compromise between individual usability and resource utilization. 工作站用户：可用性与资源利用率折衷 Users of handheld computers: Mostly for