盆底功能障碍性及生殖器官损伤疾病解答.ppt

* This is a superior view of the pelvis. Be sure to orient yourself in terms of the sacrum, pubis, and left and right os coxae. Also notice the openings for the urethra, vagina, and anal canal. The vessel anterior to the urethra is the deep dorsal vein of the clitoris. The pelvis not only has an anterior, posterior, and lateral boundaries, it also has a floor. The floor of the pelvis is comprised of pelvic floor muscles. Looking down into the pelvis you can see the various pelvic floor muscles. The majority of the pelvic floor is comprised of the levator ani muscle. The levator ani muscle is divided into three areas: puborectalis, pubococcygeus, and iliococcygeus. These muscles are located between the pubis anteriorly, the coccyx posteriorly, and the left and right pelvic walls laterally. It functions to support and raise the pelvic floor. Now go back to the language of medicine and break these terms down into root words, prefixes, and suffixes. For example, pubo- means pubic bone and rect- means rectum. Therefore, the muscle fibers of the puborectalis travel from the pubic bone to the rectum. Apply this same concept to the words pubococcygeus and iliococcygeus. The muscle fibers of the pubococcygeus travel from the pubic bone to the coccyx. The muscle fibers of the iliococcygeus travel from the ilium to the coccyx. Levator = raises, Ani = anus, Pubo = pubis, Coccygeus = coccyx, Ilio = ilium * This is a superior view of the pelvis. Again, orient yourself in terms of the sacrum, pubis, and left and right os coxae. Also notice the openings for the urethra, vagina, and anal canal. The vessel anterior to the urethra is the deep dorsal vein of the clitoris. There are additional muscles that comprise the pelvic floor. These muscles include the piriformis, coccygeus, and obturator internus. * This is a dorsal lithotomy view of the pelvic floor muscles. * Hum Reprod 2001; 16: 1473-1478 . * 手术治疗：个体化（3） 阴道封闭术：术后失去性交功能，故仅适用于年老体弱不能耐受较大手术者。夫妇双方签字。