【物理】线性控制课件 module english.pptVIP

Feedback path: (反馈通道) the output variable fed back to be compared with desired value. Forward path: 前向通道 Transducer: 变送器 Differencing junction: 差分连接点，减法器 Simplest control – Proportional control(比例控制） Proportional control: the output is proportional to the input: water temperature too cold - maximize the hot water temperature approach desired value - smaller changes in valve The whole system is equilibrium(平 衡) if the plant is unperturbed(稳定）. General Mathematical Expressions inEnglish 1 + Plus. A+B : A plus B - minus. Mathematical A-B : A minus B * multiplied by, times. A*B : A times B/ divided by. A/B: A divided by B over. A/B: A over B (1+x)/(1-x) One plus x over [or: divided by]one minus x ± Plus or minus. ±2: plus or minus two = Is equal to, equals. A=B: A equals B( ) round brackets[ ] square brackets{ } braces General Mathematical Expressions inEnglish 2 lognX : log X to the base n : the root of x : the cubic root of x : the nth root of x x2 : square x, x squared, the square of x x3 : cube x, x cubed, the cube of x xn : x to n factors; the nth power of x; x to the power n x –n : x to the minus nth power |x| : the absolute value of x Δx : the increment of x General Mathematical Expressions inEnglish 3 dx : differential xdy/dx: the first derivative of y with respect to x,dy by dx integral from x zero to x one of f of x dx. 2 : 3 :the ratio of two to threex3/8=y2 : x raised to the third power over eight equals y squared(a+b-c*d)/e=f : a plus b minus c multiplied by d, all divided by e equals f Open Loop System System do not measure and feed back the physical variable of interest The accurate model of the individual components must be known. The ability