神经解剖学 07 meanings and blood vessels 2015.pdfVIP

THE MENINGES AND BLOOD VESSELS OF BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD, AND THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID 脑和脊髓的被膜、血管及脑脊液循环 中山医学院人体解剖学教研室 段晶晶 duanjj 2@ mail.sysu.edu.cn 2015.9.15 MENINGES OF BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD The spinal cord and brain are surrounded by three membranes, the meninges. Named from the outside inward they are ? Dura mater 硬膜 ? Arachnoid mater 蛛网膜 ? Pia mater 软膜 THE MENINGES OF SPINAL CORD Spinal dura mater 硬脊膜 Spinal arachnoid mater脊髓 蛛网膜 Spinal pia mater 软脊膜 SPINAL DURA MATER 硬脊膜 ? Characters ?A dense, fibrous membrane that encloses the spinal cord and cauda equina （马尾） ?Above, attached to circumference of foramen magnum （枕骨大孔） ?Below, becomes thinner at level of S2, invests filum terminale （终丝）to attach at back of coccyx ?On each side, continuous with external membrane of spinal nerves at intervertebral foramina （椎间孔） SPINAL ARACHNOID MATER 脊髓蛛网膜 ?半透明的薄膜 ，位于硬脊膜与 软脊膜之间，与脑蛛网膜相延续 SPINAL PIA MATER 软脊膜 紧贴脊髓表面，并延伸至脊髓的 沟裂中，向上经枕骨大孔与软脑 膜相延续，向下在脊髓圆锥下端 移行为终丝。 软脊膜在脊髓两侧脊神经前、后 根之间形成齿状韧带 Epidural space 硬膜外隙 ? Position: lies between spinal dura mater 硬脊膜and periosteum of vertebral canal 椎管内膜 ? Contents: a quantity of loose connective tissue, fat 脂肪, lymphatic vessels 淋巴 and vertebral venous plexus 静脉丛, the spinal nerves 脊神经根on each side pass through the epidural space which is applicable for block anesthesia ? 硬膜外麻醉 Subdural space 硬膜下隙 SUBARACHNOID SPACE 蛛网膜下隙 Position: lies between pia and arachnoid maters containing cerebrospinal fluid 脊髓蛛网膜与软脊膜之间,充满 脑脊液 Terminal cistern 终池: the largest part of subarachnoid space extending from termination of spinal cord to level of S2, where it