theuseofenergyintransport.docVIP

The Use of Energy in Transport - Past and Future Trends and Implications - by Achim Diekmann Universit?t zu K?ln Draft: 21 July 2002 This paper has been prepared for presentation to the 14th Input-Output Conference to be held at Montreal, Canada, 10-15 October 2002 Contact Author: Professor Dr. Achim Diekmann, D–61 250 Usingen, Hardtstr. 1 Tele: +49 (0)6081 2799; Fax: +49 (0)6081 68 63 23; E-mail: a.dkm@t-online-de The Use of Energy in Transport – Past and Future Trends and Implications Introductory remarks Transport is a major user of energy. If we include the upstream energy input transport depends upon and the energy required for the provision of infrastructure and transport equipment, the share of energy that keeps us mobile can be put at a quarter and even more of total final energy consumption for most industrialised countries. When taking into account transport-related exports, such as transport services, transport equipment and goods used in their production, the energy bill transport accounts for can easily move up to one-third of the total. Energy conservation in transport therefore ranks high in the drive towards a more sustainable development and is not only concerned with the current energy input of the transport system but with its total energy requirements. Transport is closely integrated into society. Supply chains throughout the industry depend on it. The interactions that exist between transport and the economy therefore make any investigation as to the role it plays as a consumer of energy a classical case for input-output analysis. The present paper analyses the use of energy for transport purposes in Germany. It views the trends this use has undergone in the context of inter-industry relations and looks at the road ahead. The paper is divided into four chapters. The first chapter focuses on transport as an intermediate product. It looks at the different modes of transport, their rol