tool5.tobaccocontrol.docVIP

Tool 5. Tobacco Control Understand and Evaluate the Impact of Tobacco Control Policies on Employment Ping Zhang DRAFT USERS : PLEASE PROVIDE FEEDBACK AND COMMENTS TO Joy de Beyer ( jdebeyer@) and Ayda Yurekli (ayurekli@) World Bank, MSN G7-702 1818 H Street NW Washington DC, 20433 USA Fax?: (202) 522-3234  Contents I. Introduction 1 Purpose of this Tool 1 Provide Information to Policy Makers 1 Balance Both Tobacco Industry and Academic Arguments 2 Develop an Effective Policy 2 Who Should Use this Tool 3 How to Use this Tool 3 II. Key Information 4 Definitions 4 Tobacco Industry 4 Sector 4 Activity 5 Assumptions and Requirements 5 III. Previous Studies of Tobacco Industry Employment 6 Tobacco Industry-Sponsored Studies 6 Criticism of the Tobacco Industry-Sponsored Studies 9 Can the Economy Adjust? 9 Are Opportunity Costs of Resources Zero? 9 Academic Studies 10 Criticism of the Academic Studies 12 IV. How to Measure Tobacco Industry Employment 14 Count Only Direct Tobacco Industry Employment 14 Classify Tobacco Industry Employment 15 Estimate Employment of the Tobacco Industry 17 Tobacco Farming Employment 17 Leaf Marketing and Processing Employment 18 Tobacco Product Manufacturing Employment 21 Tobacco Product Wholesale and Retail Employment 22 Place Tobacco Industry Employment in the Realm of National Employment 26 Consider Trends and Underlying Forces on Tobacco Industry Employment 26 V. Tobacco Control Policies and Industry Employment 28 Predicate the Impact on Employment 28 Use an Input-Output Analysis to Evaluate the Impact on Employment 30 Theory of the Input-Output Analysis 30 How to Collect Data for the Input-Output Analysis 36 Step-by-Step Instructions to Conduct the Input-Output Analysis 38 Reporting the Result of an Input-Output Analysis 41 Consider Other Approaches to a Quantitative Policy Analysis 43 VI. Conclusion 45 VII. Additional References 47 List of Tables and Boxes Tables Table 5.1. Estimated Tobacco-Related Employment from Tobacco Ind