unit20measuresofcentraltendencyanddispersion.docVIP

Unit 20 : Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion Learning Objectives The students should be able to: determine the mean, median and mode from ungrouped data determine the mean, median and mode from grouped data determine the range, inter quartile range and standard deviation. Activities Teacher demonstration and student hand-on exercise. Use MS Excel spreadsheet, internal functions and data analysis to measure central tendency and dispersion. Reference Suen, S.N. (1998) “Mathematics for Hong Kong 5A”; Rev. Ed.; Canotta Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion 1. Measure of central tendency: mean, median and mode from grouped and ungrouped data For a set of data, we determine a quantity used to summarise the whole set of data. This quantity is termed a measure of central tendency. The most commonly used measures are mean, medium and mode. 1.1 mean For ungrouped data, Example 1 Find the mean for the set data: 3, 7, 2, 1, 7 Solution = For grouped data, Example 2 a) Find the mean of the set of data: 25, 36, 42, 38, 36 Find the mean from the set of grouped data Class mark 10.5 30.5 50.5 70.5 90.5 110.5 Frequency 19 6 3 2 1 2 Solution a) mean = b) x f x f 10.5 19 199.5 30.5 6 50.5 3 70.5 2 90.5 1 110.5 2 sum 33 mean = Example 3 The HK Consumer Price Index B from 1997 to 2003 was as following: 1996 99.7 1997 105.5 1998 108.5 1999 103.4 99.4 97.7 94.7 92.1 Calculate the average consumer price index B: a) For the first 4 years, (1997 – 2000). b) For the next 3 years, (2001 – 2003) c) For all 7 years d) Suppose the original data was lost, and only the 4- and 3-year averages in a) and b) were available. Would it still be possible to calculate the overall 7-year average? How? Solution a) From 1997 ? 2000, n = 4. The average price index = (105.5 + 108.5 + 103.4 + 99.4) ( 4 = b) From 2001??2003, n = 3. The average price index = (97.7 + 94.7 + 92.1) ( 3 = c)