定语从句语法归纳小结.docVIP

定语从句 引导定语从句的词 关系代词：that which who whom whose as 关系副词：where when why 关系代词 1）功能：引导一个定语从句，把它和主句连接起来，形成主从关系； 替代前面的先行词，有当其在从句中作宾语是可以省略； 在定语从句中充当适当的句子成分。 限制性和非限制性定语从句 只用于限制性定从 指人 指物 指人和物 主语 who which that 宾语 whom which that 属格 whose/of which whose/of which 1.(05北京)Do you still remember the chicken farm（先行词）(which/that/)___we visited three months ago?（定语从句）（主句） A.where B.when C.that D.what 2.(06福建)Look out!Don’t get too close to the house___roof is under repair. A.whose B.which C.of which D.that 2)关系代词只能用that a.先行词是形容词最高级或者被形容词的最高级修饰时。 eg.This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen. b.当先行词是序数词或者被序数词修饰时。 eg.What is the first foreign film that you have ever seen? c.当先行词是不定代词，如：all,any,some,much,little,few,everything,nothing,something,anything,none,the one等词时。 eg.Do you have anything that you don’t understand? d.先行词被the very（正好）,the only,the last,any,few,little,just,next,no,all等词修饰时。 eg.The only thing that we can do is to help you out. e.先行词既有表示人的词又有表示物的词。 eg.Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? f.当主句的主语是疑问词who或者which时。 eg.Who is the man that is standing by the tree? g.有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词用which，而另一个则用that。 eg.They went to a shop which sells women’s clothes that satisfied them. h.当先行词在主句中作be的表语,或关系代词本身作从句的表语时。 eg.Wuhan is no longer the city that it used to be. i.关系副词why在the reason why结构中可以被that取代，that亦可省略。(这时that是关系副词) eg.That is the reason (that) he came. j. 以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句通常用in which或that引导，也可以省略。 eg.This is the way (that/which) he did that. 3）关系代词只能用which a.介词后指物。 eg.This is the school in which I used to study. ※但要注意的是，在一些固定短语中，不能把介词置于关系代词之前。 eg.The boy who I am looking after is my son.(不能说The boy after whom I am looking after is my son.) b.非限制性定语从句中指物。 3.(08全国)The road conditions there turned out to be very good,___was more than we could expect. A.it B.what C.which D.that c.which可指代整个句子，而that不能。 4)关系代词as和which的使用区别 a.位置不同。as引导的定语从句可位于句首，也可以插在主句中，位于主句后，而which不能位于主句前。 eg.As you know,Taiwan is an