四会县2017高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解练习（三）.docVIP

广东四会县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮练习（三） 【2016年三省四市高三模拟考试英语能力测试】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案填空。D Try rubbing(摩擦) the tip of your finger backwards and forwards very quickly on your coat or a blanket. It should become hot. In cold weather we sometimes rub our hands together to make them warm. The rubbing of two together which causes heat is called “friction”(摩擦力). In the same way, people who lived in caves rubbed a piece of wood shaped like a pencil on another piece of wood with dried leaves or grass packed nearby. The heat set the leaves or grass alight. This was a difficult way of making fire. Better ways were found by using flint(火石), but it was not until 1827 that the first matches were made in England. Chemists made up a mixture and put it on an end of a stick or match. The mixture contained a small amount of phosphorous(磷), a chemical that bursts into flame when heated slightly. The other chemicals then caught fire and burned less fiercely until the wood was alight. By rubbing the end of the match on sandpaper, the friction easily set the phosphorous alight. These first matches could also be struck on other rough surfaces, including the leather sole（底）of a shoe. At the time, everyone thought this was a wonderful invention. Unfortunately accidents happened. A whole box of matches would suddenly catch fire if it was heated. Imagine this happening to someone warming themselves by a fire with a box of matches in his or her pocket! Even loose matches in a handbag or pocket could rub together and catch fire. What was needed was a match that would only light if struck on a special surface. In 1852, the safety match was invented in Sweden. No phosphorous was used in the matchhead—it was put on the outside of the matchbox instead. This made it impossible for the match to light unless it was rubbed along the box on the special surface which contained sandpaper mixed with a little phosphorous. 1. Why did people use dried leaves or grass to pack another piece of wood? A. The leaves or grass is easy