发动机排气歧管三维建模及流通特性剖析.docVIP

发动机排气歧管三维建模及流通特性分析 学 院 专 业 班 级 学 号 姓 名 指导教师 负责教师 摘 要 关键词： Three-dimensional modeling of the exhaust manifold and the gas flow characteristic Abstract Nowadays, the car industry has shown a momentous growth. Car buyers become more cautious and careful to make a final decision. Before their purchase, they’d like to check out the car’s performance as well as it’s every single indicator, especially the power and economy. It’s known that a car’s engine can make a great difference in a car’s total performance. Therefore, exhaust manifold, part of a car’s engine, undoubtedly have its crucial stake in determining the engine performance. Its gas flow can exercise a remarkable influence on the engine’s output power and its cycle thermal efficiency. In this paper, finite element analysis was adopted to explore the characteristics of the gas flow in the exhaust manifold. With Fluent (a CFD software) we created a gas model, which simulates the situations in the exhaust manifold, to estimate the actual gas flow. As a result, the gas flow in the exhaust manifold can be better analyzed and understood.The results show that, the turning of the exhaust manifold has an effect on the uniformity of gas flow, but this exhaust manifold meets the requirements on gas flow. Keywords: Exhaust manifold, gas model, flow, fluent 目 录 1 绪论 1 1.1 引言 1 1.2 国内外研究成果 1 1.3 本文研究对象及内容 2 2 背景及概述 3 2.1 课题背景 3 2.2 有限元法及计算流体力学（CFD） 3 2.2.1 概论 3 2.2.2 CFD求解流体问题的一般过程 3 2.3 计算流体力学软件fluent概要 4 3 排气歧管有限元物理模型 5 3.1 排气歧管几何模型 5 3.1.1 排气歧管三维模型建立 5 3.1.2 排气歧管网格划分 7 3.2 排气歧管材料 9 3.3 有限元边界条件 9 3.3.1 发动机实验数据 10 3.3.2 气体入口处的边界条件 11 3.3.3 气体出口处的边界条件 12 3.3.4 壁面边界条件 13 3.3.5 操作环境设置 13 4 fluent模拟过程 14 4.1控制方程 14 4.1.1 连续方程 14 4.1.2 动量方程 14 4.1.3 能量方程 14 4.2 湍流模型 15 4.3 求解方法 16 5 计算结果及分析 17 5.1排气歧管内各支管流场分布 17 5.1.1支管1计算结果 17 5.1.2支管2计算结果 19 5.2结果分析 21 5.3结论及结构优化方向 21 5.4工作展望 22 6 致谢 23 参考文献 24 绪论 引言 随着计算机技术的迅速发展、计算流体力学的日益成熟，CFD软件已经成为解决各种现实流体问题的重要辅助手段。在计算流体力学没有发展起来的年代，仅仅依靠传