罗宾斯《管理学原理》FOM6_CH08in.pptVIP

Foundations of Individual and Group Behavior L E A R N I N G O U T C O M E S Define the focus and goals of organizational behavior. Identify and describe the three components of attitudes. Explain cognitive dissonance. Describe the Myers-Briggs personality type framework and its use in organizations. Define perception and describe the factors that can shape or distort perception. Explain how managers can shape employee behavior. Contrast formal and informal groups. L E A R N I N G O U T C O M E S (cont’d) Explain why people join groups. State how roles and norms influence employees’ behavior. Describe how group size affects group behavior. Toward Explaining and Predicting Behavior Organizational Behavior (OB) Defined: The study of the actions of people at work The Focus of OB Individual behaviors Personality, perception, learning, and motivation Group behaviors Norms, roles, team-and conflict The Goals of OB To explain behavior To predict behavior EXHIBIT 8–1 The Organization as an Iceberg Metaphor Behaviors of Interest to OB Employee Productivity The efficiency and effectiveness of employees Absenteeism The election by employees to attend work Turnover The exit of an employee from an organization Organizational Citizenship Employee behaviors that promote the welfare of the organization Understanding Employees Attitudes Valuative statements concerning objects, people, or events Cognitive component The beliefs, opinions, knowledge, and information held by a person Affective component The emotional, or feeling, segment of an attitude Behavioral component An intention to behave in a certain way toward someone or something Job-Related Attitudes Job Satisfaction An employee’s general attitude toward his or her job. Job Involvement The degree to which an employee identifies with his or her job, actively participates in it, and considers his or her job performance important for self-worth. Organizational Commitment An employee’s orientation toward the organization in