2014届高考英语三轮冲刺复习创新方案---动词不定式7.docVIP

不定式用法专讲 7. 不定式的被动形式 当不定式的逻辑上的主语是这不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式。这种形式可以用来： 1)作主语： It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here. 我很荣幸被邀在这里讲话。 Is it possible for our hopes to be realized? We believe it is. 我们的希望能实现吗? 我们相信是可以的。 Its necessary for us to be constantly reminded of our shortcomings. 经常有人提醒自己注意缺点是必要的。 2)作宾语： She asked to be sent to work in Tibet. 她请求派她到西藏去工作。 He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do. 他宁愿给他些更重的工作做。 She hated to be flattered. 她讨厌受人奉承。 3)构成复合宾语： He wanted the letter to be typed at once． 他让把信马上打好。 She didnt like herself to be praised like that. 她不喜欢自己受到那样的赞扬。 He didnt expect the book to be so well received. 他没想到这本书会受到这样的欢迎。 4)构成复合谓语： This is bound to be found out. 这准会被人发现。 The books are not allowed to be taken out of the room. 这些书不许携出室外。 The date is expected to be announced soon. 估计日期不久就会宣布。 5)作定语： Are you going to the banquet to be given at the embassy? 你准备参加大使馆举行的宴会吗? There are a lot of things to be done. 有很多事要做。 It was the first such project to be designed by Chinese engineers. 这是中国工程师设计的第一个这类工程。 The questions to be answered are on page 32. 需回答的问题在第32页上。 6)作状语： The kids went to the hospital to be inoculated. 孩子们到医院去种牛痘去了。 She was too young to be assigned such work. 她年纪太小，不适宜把这工作交她做。 就是逻辑上的主语不出现，只要在意思上是被动的，这不定式仍然要用被动式： Its a great honour to be elected a model teacher. 选为模范教师是很大的荣誉。 To be criticized might be a good thing. 受批评可能是件好事。 不定式有时还可以有完成式的被动式，在句中用作主语(a)，宾语(b)，或构成复合宾语(c)，或复合谓语(d)，间或用作定语(e): a. It is a good thing for him to have been criticized. 他受到批评是件好事。 b. She preferred to have been given heavier work to do. 她宁愿分给她的是更重的工作。 c. They knew him to have once been arrested by the police. 他们知道他被警察逮捕过。 He thought it an honour to have been invited to the party. 被邀参加晚会他感到很荣幸。 d. The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 这书据说已被译成好几种语言。 He is not likely to have been notified about it. 这事多半还没有通知他。 e. She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post. 她是第一个选上这样位置的妇女。 这时，这不定