2014届高考英语语法复习--名词性从句讲解.docVIP

名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 引导名词性从句的连词可分为三类： ①That 不充当从句的任何成分，无词义。。whether, if 不充当从句的任何成分，均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性。不可以省略。②连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which ③连接副词：when, where, how, why Who cleaned the blackboard is not known yet.谁擦的黑板还不知道。 What he said is not true.他说的不是实话 That he’ll come to see us is really great.他来看我们真是太好啦。 I don’t know why he is absent.我不知道为什么他不在。 The question is whether he will join us next time.问题是下次他是否跟我们一起干。 It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。 1.主语从句①由从属连词引导的主语从句： Whether the country should build a nuclear power station is something we must discuss. 那个国家是否应该建立核电站…… That light travels in straight line is known to all .光以直线传播 ②由连接代词引导的主语从句： What we need is more time. 我们所需要的是…… Whichever book you choose doesn’t matter to me.无论你选哪本书…… Whoever comes will be welcome.无论谁来…… ③由连接副词引导的主语从句： When the plane is to take off hasn’t been announced.飞机什么时候起飞…… Where he has been is still a puzzle.他到过哪儿…… How much water is flowing can be measured easily.水的流量是多少…… ④关于形式主语 it大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用it 充当形式主语。例如： It is not important who will go. 谁去，这不重要。 It is still unknown which team will win the match. 到底谁赢呢，形势尚不明朗。▲It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary that… 有必要…… It is important that…重要的是…… It is obvious that…很明显…… It is likely that….很可能 ▲It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 It is believed that…人们相信……It is known to all that…众所周知…… （注意该句型的变式：It is known to all that the earth goes around the sun.=As is known to all,the earth goes around the sun.=What is known to all is that the earth goes around the sun.）It has been decided that…已决定…… ▲It + be +名词+ that-从句It is common knowledge that… ……是常识It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是……It is a fact that…事实是…… 可应用于此句型的名词还有fact / shame / honor / question/pity等。 ▲It +不及物动词+ that-分句It appears that…似乎……It happens that…碰巧……It occurred to me that…我突然想起…… It doesn’t matter whether he likes or not. 2.宾语从