高中被动语解态详doc.docVIP

各种时态的被动语态 一、八大时态的被动语态的构成以及含有情态动词的被动语态 ?1．一般现在时的被动语态构成：（am/is/are +done）如： ?? I am asked to study hard. 我被请求努力学习。 ?? This shirt is washed once a week. 这件T恤一周洗一次。 ?? These songs are usually sung by boys. 这些歌曲通常是男生唱的。 ?2．一般过去时的被动语态构成：（was/were done）如： ?? The soldier was killed, but the train was saved. 这位战士牺牲了，然而列车得救了。 ?? Some notes were passed up to the speaker. 有人给讲演者递上来一些纸条。 ?3．一般将来时的被动语态构成：（shall/will be done）如： ?? We shall be asked a lot of strange questions. 我们将被问许多怪题。 ?? My son will be sent to school next September. 来年九月我将送我儿子去读书。 ?4．过去将来时的被动语态构成：（should/would be done）如： ?? The news would be sent to him as soon as it arrived. 消息一到就会转给他的。 ?? He told us that the new railway would be built the next year. 他告诉我新铁路将在明年修建。 ?5．现在完成时的被动语态构成：（has/have been done）如： ?? The work has just been finished. 工作刚刚结束。 ?? The?old?rules?have?been?done?away?with?by?us.?旧规章已经被我们废除了。 ?6．过去完成时的被动语态构成：（had been done）如： ?? By last December three ships had been built by them. 到去年十二月底他们已建造了三艘船。 ?? 100 tractors had been produced by the end of last year. 在去年年底前生产了100辆拖拉机。 ?7．现在进行时的被动语态构成：（am/is/are being done）如： ?? The?bridge?is?being?repaired.?桥梁正在修复中。 The new library is being built by the workers. 新的图书馆正在被工人们建设中。 ?8．过去进行时的被动语态构成：（was/were being done）如： ?? A meeting was being held when I was there. 我在时，会议在开着。 ?? The college was being built at this time last year. 去年这个时候这所大学正在建设中。 9、含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。 We can repair this watch in two days. This watch can be repaired in two days. You ought to take it away. It ought to be taken away. They should do it at once. It should be done at once ?二、被动语态的用法： ?1．强调动作的承受者 (有时用 by 短语来强调动作的执行者)： ?? Xiao Li was made monitor of the class. 小李被选为班长。 ?? This work must be done by you, and not by me. 这件工作必须由你做，而不是我来做。 ?2．不知道或不必说出动作的执行者： ?? His bike was stolen last night. 他的自行车昨晚被人偷走了。 ?? Every year a lot os people are killed in the traffic accidents. ?? 每年都有许多人死于交通事故。 ?3．为了表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作执行者或说话者自己： ?? Everybo