2014高考英语：强调句型考点揭秘.docVIP

强调句型是高中英语中一个重要的语法项目，是高考重要考点之一。其基本结构为：it is/was +被强调的部分+that+其他成分（当被强调部分为sb.，且在句中作主语时，可用who）。所强调的部分可以是主语、宾语或者状语，但不能是定语或谓语。原句是现在时，强调句用it is ……that……;原句是过去时，强调句用it was ……that……。如果去掉这个结构，经过语序调整或不调整，应该是一个完整无缺的句子，这也是判断强调句型的关键。本文拟结合历年高考试题对强调句型的考点作如下归纳。 一、语序问题 1.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句 例1?Was it that I saw last night at the concert? 例2?Why is it that she is not so healthy as she used to be? 2.强调句型在宾语从句中用陈述语序 例3 ?I don’t know ________________ in the novel that made him burst into tears. (what) 我不知道是小说中的什么东西使他突然泪如泉涌。（2012湖北） 解析：观察题干中多了一个联词that,汉语翻译中多了一个“是什么”，可知要用强调结构：疑问词+it+ was/is that的用法；故答案为：what it was 二、主谓一致 强调主语时，that后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语人称与数保持一致。 例4?It’s what you do rather than what you say that matters. 例5?It’s your efforts not your intelligence that determine (决定)your success.(2008湖北) 例6?It is the ability to do the job__ matters， not where you came from or what you are. A. one????????? B. it????????????? C. what????????? D. that 解析：通过以上三个例子可以得出一个结论，被强调的主语由“not A but B ; A rather than B; A not B”构成时，that后面谓语的单复数以“肯定”为准，有时还可以将否定的部分置于句末。 三、not until……的强调 用“It is/was not until...that...”这一固定句型，由于否定已经前移，that后只能用肯定形式，同时要注意主句的主谓不能使用倒装语序。如果把 “ not until …”置于句首时，主句要倒装。 例7?I didn’t realize she was the famous film star until he took off her dark glasses. It was not until he took off his dark glasses that I recognized him. = Not until he took off his dark glasses did I recognize him. 四、插入定语从句 1. 在被强调的部分后面插入一个定语从句 例8?It was in Beihai Park__ they made a date for the first time __ the old couple told us their love story.A. where；that??????????? ?B. that；that??????? C. where；when??????????? D. that；when 例9?? Was__ Bill，__ played basketball very well，__ helped the blind man across the street.A. that；that；who?????? B. it；that；that??? ?C. it；who；that?????????? D. this；who；who 解析：例8 选A?? where they made a date for the first time 是一个定语从句；例9选 C?who played basketball very well 是一个定语从句， 2. 对特殊疑问句作答时省略that及其后面的内容 例10?“Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?” “It was in the hall ____