高考复习定语从句题库.ppt

如何确定关系词 一、找出先行词 二、判断先行词是指人还是指物 三、看判断先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分 as和which的区别 1. as和which都可以表示主句在意义上的连贯，在从句中作主语，或用作及物动词的宾语，如： He married her， which／as was natural． I was very useful to him， which／as he realized． 2. as指前面提到过的事实或情况，可以放在句首、句末，也可以插入主句中，而which指前面提到的事实或情况，一般放在主句之后（有时也可用as），如： As our teacher points out， that book is of benefit to everyone． Heat is a form of energy， as is known to all of us． This machine， as might be expected， has stopped operating． 3.as含有正如、按照、正像之意，一般用在肯定句中，而which则可以用于含否定意义的句子中，如： He failed in the exam again， as was expected． He failed in the exam again， which was unexpected． 4.当关系代词代表主句引起的结果，又作主谓宾补（svoc）结构中的主语时，多用which，如： He saw the girl, which delighted him． He didn’t pass the exam, which made his mother angry． 5.下列固定结构，一般不能用which，如： as has been said before 如前所述 as often happens 正像经常发生的那样 as is well known 众所周知 as will be shown in Fig 3 将如图3所示 as we know 正如我们知道的那样 as may be imagined 这可以想像得出来 as we all can see 正如我们大家看到的那样 as follows 如下 定语从句中的主谓一致 定语从句中的谓语动词的人称和数与先行词保持一致。 例如： 1.?Here are such sentences as are often used by the students.?( as指代sentences,谓语动词用are)。 2.?I, who am a Party member, should work hard for our country.( who指代I, 谓语用am)。 3.?He was one of the students who were praised for it. ( who指代the students) 他是被表扬的学生之一。 4.?He was the only one of the students who was praised for it. ( who 指代the only one) 他是惟一被表扬的学生。 定语从句常见错误分析 1.定语从句中代词或状语与关系词重复。 1)误：The watch which my sister gave it to me as a present was made in Swiss. 正：The watch which my sister gave to me as a present was made in Swiss. 2)误：That’s the hotel where we spent three days there. 正：That’s the hotel where we spent three days . 2.先行词与定语从句中动词的主谓不一致。 1)误：Those who breaks the rule should be punished. 正：Those who break the rule should be punished. 2)误：She is the only one of the students who are able to play the guitar. 正：She is the only one of the students who is able to play the guitar. 3.介词误用。 1)误：This is the very ruler for which I’m looking. 正：This is the very ruler which