高英课件Lesson 3 At War with the Planet讲解.pptVIP

17. The purpose is less a lament over…can be prevented.(Para. 23) The purpose is not to find a culprit(引起不良后果事物的原因) for the damage that has been inflicted on the environment but to find a way to avoid future damage. 18. It is not so much a battle cay…for making peace with the planet.(Para. 23) The purpose is not to support the ecosphere or the technosphere but to find a way to end the war and allow peaceful accommodation to the needs of the natural order. * The Chernobyl Disaster(1986) 乌克兰切尔诺贝利核电站事故 史上最严重的核反应事故发生地。1986年4月26日，乌克兰切尔诺贝利核反应堆爆炸，核反应炉熔毁，大量辐射能排放到大气中，导致原子尘污染。污染还扩散到了西部国家，从当时的苏联到接近欧洲，数以万计的儿童被诊断为甲状腺癌，核反应爆炸区近20英里范围至今仍被封锁。4号反应堆被人们用巨大的石棺密封起来，这是个漫长的核退散过程。 On April 25-26th, 1986, the World’s worst nuclear power accident occurred at Chernobyl in the former USSR (now Ukraine). The Chernobyl nuclear power plant located 80 miles north of Kiev had 4 reactors(核反应堆) and while testing reactor number 4 numerous safety procedures were disregarded. At 1:23 am the chain reaction in the reactor became out of control creating explosions and a fireball which blew off the reactor’s heavy steel and concrete lid. The Chernobyl accident killed more than 30 people immediately, and as a result of the high radiation levels in the surrounding 20-mile radius(半径), 13500 people had to be evacuated(撤离，疏散). 800年：专家称消除切尔诺贝利核泄事故漏后遗症需800年； 9.3万人：20年前的切尔诺贝利核电站事故造成致癌死亡人数约为9.3万人左右； 27万人：27万人因切尔诺贝利核泄漏事故患上癌症，其中致死9.3万人； 34万人：核泄漏事故发生后，前苏联立即疏散了11万多人，随后数年，又从污染严重地区搬迁了23万人，前后共疏散34万余人； …… 1984年12月2日深夜，联合碳化物公司(Union Carbide)位于印度博帕尔的杀虫剂制造厂发生事故，45吨有毒化学成分从设备中泄露出来。数小时内上千人因此丧命。在接下来的数月时间里，又有1.5万人中毒身亡，近50万人不同程度受影响。受影响的人当中大多数人失明、器官坏死或是有其他身体故障。受污染区域中出生的婴儿，大多数也存在不同程度的问题和生理缺陷。1989年联合碳化物公司赔偿5亿美元给受害者们，这笔赔偿金都不够受害人10年的治疗费用。博帕尔仍是全球工业泄露灾难的重症区。 What happened in Bhopal(印度博帕尔)? On the night of Dec. 2nd and 3rd, 1984, a Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, India, began leaking 27 tons of the deadly gas. None of the six safety systems designed to contain such a leak were operational, allowing the gas to spread throughout the