IE3265R.Lindeke,Ph.D课件.ppt

IE 3265R. Lindeke, Ph. D. Quality Management in POM – Part 2 Topics ? Managing a Quality System ? Total Quality Management (TQM) ? Achieving Quality in a System ? Look early and often ? 6 Sigma – an approach a technique ? Make it a part of the process ? The Customers Voice in Total Quality Management ? QFD and the House of Quality Quality Engineering Loss Function Quality Studies Experimental Approaches T.M.; FMEA; Shainin Taguchi’s Loss Function Taguchi defines Quality Level of a product as the Total Loss incurred by society due to failure of a product to perform as desired when it deviates from the delivered target performance levels. This includes costs associated with poor performance, operating costs (which changes as a product ages) and any added expenses due to harmful side effects of the product in use Exploring the Taguchi Method Considering the Loss Function, it is quantifiable Larger is Better: Smaller is Better: Nominal is Best: Considering the Cost of Loss k in the L(y) equation is found from: Loss Function Example: (nominal is best) We can define a processes average loss as: s is process (product) Standard Deviation ybar is process (product) mean Example cont. A0 is $2 (a very low number of this type!) found by estimating that the loss is 10% of the $20 product cost when a part is exactly 8.55 or 8.45 units Process specification is: 8.5+.05 units Historically: ybar = 8.492 and s = 0.016 Example Cont. Average Loss: If we make 250,000 units a year Annual Loss is $64,000 Fixing it Shift the Mean to nominal Reduce variation (s = 0.01) Fix Both! Taguchi Methods Help companies to perform the Quality Fix! Quality problems are due to Noises in the product or process system Noise is any undesirable effect that increases variability Conduct extensive Problem Analyses Employ Inter-disciplinary Teams Perform Designed Experimental Analyses Evaluate Experiments using ANOVA and Signal-to noise techniques Defining the Taguchi Approach – Th